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Journal Article Epublish 56 citations

PubMed: 30464671 DOI: 10.2147/JBM.S169872

Hematological parameters in Ghanaian sickle cell disease patients.

J Blood Med 9:203-209

Authors: Charles Antwi-Boasiako, Ivy Ekem, Mubarak Abdul-Rahman, Frederika Sey, Alfred Doku, Bartholomew Dzudzor, Gifty B Dankwah, Kate Hagar Otu, John Ahenkorah, Robert Aryee

Affiliations

  • Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana,.
  • Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
  • Department of Pathology, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
  • Sickle Cell Clinic, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana.
  • Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
  • Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
  • Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Greenhills School of Health Sciences, Accra, Ghana.
  • Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Effective treatment and management of sickle cell disease (SCD) has been a challenge in Africa over the years. Hematological parameters are very useful profiles in the effective management of the disease. However, there is scarcity of studies on the hematological parameters of SCD in Ghana. This study aimed at determining hematological parameters among SCD patients with vaso-occlusion, those in the steady state as well as healthy controls at a teaching hospital in Ghana.

METHODOLOGY

This was a cross-sectional study involving a total of 628 subjects, including 148 HbAA controls, 208 HbSS patients in steady state, 82 HbSC patients in steady state, 156 HbSS patients in vaso-occlusive crises (VOC), and 34 HbSC patients in VOC. Venous blood sample was collected from all study participants. A full blood count was done within 2 hours of collection, and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume, red blood cell (RBC) concentration, mean corpuscular Hb, mean cell volume, mean corpuscular Hb concentration, and white blood cells (WBC) and platelet (PLT) counts were recorded.

RESULTS

WBC and PLT counts were significantly higher in both female and male patients with SCD, compared with their healthy counterparts (<0.05). The level of WBC was, however, significantly higher in patients with HbSS VOC among the SCD patients (<0.001). Levels of Hb, RBC, and hematocrit were significantly higher in the controls (<0.001). There was no significant difference in mean cell Hb among male patients with SCD (=0.274) and female patients with SCD (=0.5410).

CONCLUSION

The SCD patients had lower Hb and RBC than the controls; however, higher PLT and WBC are noted in various status of SCD, possibly reflecting spleen effect in these patients. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

MeSH

Cells, Blood, Anemia, Sickle Cell, Anemia, Blood Cells

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