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Publications

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Epublish 17 citations

PubMed: 33731080 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10593-3

Relationship between dietary carbohydrate quality index and metabolic syndrome among type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects: a case-control study from Ghana.

BMC Public Health 21(1):526

Authors: Sufyan Bakuri Suara, Fereydoun Siassi, Mahama Saaka, Abbas Rahimiforoushani, Gity Sotoudeh

Affiliations

  • Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Number 21 Dameshgh St. Vali-e Asr Ave. Tehran, 1416753955, Iran.
  • Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hojatdost street, Naderi street, Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran.
  • Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Post Office Box 1350, Tamale, Ghana.
  • Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hojatdost street, Naderi street, Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Dietary carbohydrate quality may play an important role in disease development. We evaluated the association between carbohydrate quality index (CQI) and the odds of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects in Ghana.

METHODS

In this case-control study, we analyzed data using 124 T2DM subjects. We obtained dietary information using 2-day 24-h dietary recalls. We calculated CQI from dietary fiber, glycemic index, whole grains/total grains ratio, and solid carbohydrates/total carbohydrates ratio. Serum lipid profiles were measured after an overnight fast of 8-12 h.

RESULTS

Upon adjustments for the effects of covariates, the CQI showed a positive association with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (beta coefficient (β) = 0.24; standard error (SE) = 0.20; P for trend = 0.01), and an inverse relationship with waist circumference (β = - 17.29; SE = 4.00; P for trend < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (β = - 15.74; SE = 4.69; P for trend < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (β = - 7.23; SE = 2.97; P for trend = 0.02), and triglyceride concentrations (β = - 0.43; SE = 0.11; P for trend < 0.001). Overall, the CQI had an inverse relationship with the odds of MetS (Odds ratio 0.05; 95% Confidence interval: 0.01-0.23; p-trend < 0.001). Also, a positive correlation was found between the CQI and fiber, but the CQI showed a negative relationship with dietary glycemic index.

CONCLUSIONS

The present results suggest an inverse association between the CQI of a diet and the odds of MetS. The CQI approach of dietary recommendation may be a useful strategy for dietary carbohydrate selection for the prevention of MetS.

MeSH

Diabetes Mellitus, Blood, Case-Control Studies, Dietary Carbohydrates, Blood Pressure, Public Health, Diet, Glycemic Index, Carbohydrates, Metabolic Syndrome, Edible Grain, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

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