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Journal Article Review Epublish 19 citations

PubMed: 35027068 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02486-x

Overview of the pre-clinical and clinical studies about the use of CAR-T cell therapy of cancer combined with oncolytic viruses.

World J Surg Oncol 20(1):16

Authors: Ali Zarezadeh Mehrabadi, Fatemeh Roozbahani, Reza Ranjbar, Mahdieh Farzanehpour, Alireza Shahriary, Ruhollah Dorostkar, Hadi Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh

Affiliations

  • Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
  • Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Cancer is one of the critical issues of the global health system with a high mortality rate even with the available therapies, so using novel therapeutic approaches to reduce the mortality rate and increase the quality of life is sensed more than ever.

MAIN BODY

CAR-T cell therapy and oncolytic viruses are innovative cancer therapeutic approaches with fewer complications than common treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy and significantly improve the quality of life. Oncolytic viruses can selectively proliferate in the cancer cells and destroy them. The specificity of oncolytic viruses potentially maintains the normal cells and tissues intact. T-cells are genetically manipulated and armed against the specific antigens of the tumor cells in CAR-T cell therapy. Eventually, they are returned to the body and act against the tumor cells. Nowadays, virology and oncology researchers intend to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy by utilizing CAR-T cells in combination with oncolytic viruses.

CONCLUSION

Using CAR-T cells along with oncolytic viruses can enhance the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy in destroying the solid tumors, increasing the permeability of the tumor cells for T-cells, reducing the disturbing effects of the immune system, and increasing the success chance in the treatment of this hazardous disease. In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in using oncolytic viruses alone and in combination with other therapeutic approaches such as CAR-T cell therapy in pre-clinical and clinical investigations. This principle necessitates a deeper consideration of these treatment strategies. This review intends to curtly investigate each of these therapeutic methods, lonely and in combination form. We will also point to the pre-clinical and clinical studies about the use of CAR-T cell therapy combined with oncolytic viruses.

MeSH

Mortality, Cells, Therapeutics, Neoplasms, T-Lymphocytes, Quality Of Life, Oncolytic Viruses, Car-T Cell

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