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Journal Article Epublish 18 citations

PubMed: 35215139 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11020196

Priority Activities in Child and Adolescent Tuberculosis to Close the Policy-Practice Gap in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Pathogens 11(2)

Authors: Karen du Preez, Betina Mendez Alcântara Gabardo, Sushil K Kabra, Rina Triasih, Trisasi Lestari, Margaret Kal, Bazarragchaa Tsogt, Gantsetseg Dorj, Enkhtsetseg Purev, Thu Anh Nguyen, Lenny Naidoo, Lindiwe Mvusi, Hendrik Simon Schaaf, Anneke C Hesseling, Andrea Maciel de Oliveira Rossoni, Anna Cristina Calçada Carvalho, Claudete Aparecida Araújo Cardoso, Clemax Couto Sant'Anna, Danielle Gomes Dell' Orti, Fernanda Dockhorn Costa, Liliana Romero Vega, Maria de Fátima Pombo Sant'Anna, Nguyen Binh Hoa, Phan Huu Phuc, Attannon Arnauld Fiogbe, Dissou Affolabi, Gisèle Badoum, Abdoul Risgou Ouédraogo, Tandaogo Saouadogo, Adjima Combary, Albert Kuate Kuate, Bisso Ngono Annie Prudence, Aboubakar Sidiki Magassouba, Adama Marie Bangoura, Alphazazi Soumana, Georges Hermana, Hervé Gando, Nafissatou Fall, Barnabé Gning, Mohammed Fall Dogo, Olivia Mbitikon, Manon Deffense, Kevin Zimba, Chishala Chabala, Moorine Penninah Sekadde, Henry Luzze, Stavia Turyahabwe, John Paul Dongo, Constantino Lopes, Milena Dos Santos … and 5 other authors

Affiliations

  • Desmond Tutu Tuberculosis Center, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.
  • Pediatric Tuberculosis Working Group, Ministry of Health, Brasilia 70304-008, Brazil.
  • Brazilian Network of Tuberculosis Research, REDE TB-Rede Brasileira de Pesquisas em Tuberculose, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil.
  • Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
  • Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
  • Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0810, Australia.
  • National Department of Health, Port Moresby 131, Papua New Guinea.
  • Mongolian Coalition Against Tuberculosis, Ulaanbaatar 210648, Mongolia.
  • Tuberculosis Surveillance and Research Department, National Center for Communicable Diseases, Ulaanbaatar 210648, Mongolia.
  • Tuberculosis Clinic, National Center for Communicable Diseases, Ulaanbaatar 210648, Mongolia.
  • Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam.
  • Health Department, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.
  • National TB Control & Management Cluster, National Department of Health, Pretoria 0187, South Africa.
  • Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
  • National Tuberculosis Program, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam.
  • National Pediatric Hospital, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam.
  • International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 75001 Paris, France.
  • National Tuberculosis Program, Cotonou 03 BP 2819, Benin.
  • Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 03 BP 2819, Benin.
  • Health Sciences Unit, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7047, Burkina Faso.
  • Ministry of Health National Tuberculosis Program, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7047, Burkina Faso.
  • National Tuberculosis Program, Yaoundé BP 6000, Cameroon.
  • National Tuberculosis Program, Conakry 63570, Guinea.
  • National Tuberculosis Program, Niamey 22 646, Niger.
  • National Tuberculosis Program, Bangui BP 729, Central African Republic.
  • National Tuberculosis Program, Dakar 12000, Senegal.
  • National Tuberculosis Program, Lomé BP 526, Togo.
  • Lusaka Provincial Health Office, Ministry of Health, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
  • Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
  • Children's Hospital, University Teaching Hospitals, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
  • National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Program, Kampala 7025, Uganda.
  • The Union Uganda Office, Kampala 7025, Uganda.
  • National Tuberculosis Program, Ministerio da Saude, Dili NM 87109, Timor-Leste.
  • Hospital Nacional Guido Valadares, Ministerio da Saude, Dili NM 87109, Timor-Leste.

Abstract

Over the past 15 years, and despite many difficulties, significant progress has been made to advance child and adolescent tuberculosis (TB) care. Despite increasing availability of safe and effective treatment and prevention options, TB remains a global health priority as a major cause of child and adolescent morbidity and mortality-over one and a half million children and adolescents develop TB each year. A history of the global public health perspective on child and adolescent TB is followed by 12 narratives detailing challenges and progress in 19 TB endemic low and middle-income countries. Overarching challenges include: under-detection and under-reporting of child and adolescent TB; poor implementation and reporting of contact investigation and TB preventive treatment services; the need for health systems strengthening to deliver effective, decentralized services; and lack of integration between TB programs and child health services. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant negative impact on case detection and treatment outcomes. Child and adolescent TB working groups can address country-specific challenges to close the policy-practice gaps by developing and supporting decentral ized models of care, strengthening clinical and laboratory diagnosis, including of multidrug-resistant TB, providing recommended options for treatment of disease and infection, and forging strong collaborations across relevant health sectors.

MeSH

Adolescent, Infections, Child, Income, Tuberculosis, Covid-19

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