Journal Article Review Epublish 27 citations
PubMed: 35707391 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8345737
Revisited Cyclophosphamide in the Treatment of Lupus Nephritis.
Biomed Res Int 2022:8345737
Authors: Xiao-Ying Quan, Hao-Tao Chen, Si-Qin Liang, Chen Yang, Cui-Wei Yao, Yong-Zhi Xu, Hua-Feng Liu, Ning An
Affiliations
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China.
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is the most common serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The pathogenesis of LN is complex, and the majority causes of LN are the renal deposition of circulating or/and in situ-formed immune complexes. These immune complexes trigger glomerular and tubulointerstitial inflammation, which finally leads to proteinuria and loss of renal function. Despite the emergence of new biological agents, cyclophosphamide (CY), an alkylating agent, is still the first-line drug widely used to treat patients with severe LN. In this review, we outline the application history, molecular structure, and pharmacokinetics of CY in the treatment of LN. We also detail its latest known immunopharmacological mechanisms, with a focus on supplemental regulation and inhibition of CD4 and CD8 positive T cells, differences in the use of various guidelines, and the combination with other drugs. The side effects of CY are also mentioned in this review.
MeSH
Lupus Nephritis, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Therapeutics, Biomedical Research, Cyclophosphamide, Antigen-Antibody Complex
Cited by
- Case report: Cyclophosphamide pulse therapy for chronic recalcitrant erythema nodosum leprosum. Front Med (Lausanne), 2023
- Mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclophosphamide plus in patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease: Efficacy and safety analysis. Open Med (Wars), 2023
- Successful treatment of anti-signal recognition particle antibody-positive myositis with intravenous cyclophosphamide: A case report. Fukushima J Med Sci, 2025
- Drug History and SLE Laboratory Findings Among Iraqi Patients: A Hospital-Based Study. Health Sci Rep, 2025
- gene polymorphisms are associated with cyclophosphamide effectiveness in lupus nephritis patients: A case-control study in Indonesia. Narra J, 2025