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Journal Article Epublish 26 citations

PubMed: 35807909 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132729

Maternal Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy and Child Autism-Related Traits: Results from Two US Cohorts.

Nutrients 14(13)

Authors: Rachel Vecchione, Siwen Wang, Juliette Rando, Jorge E Chavarro, Lisa A Croen, M Daniele Fallin, Irva Hertz-Picciotto, Craig J Newschaffer, Rebecca J Schmidt, Kristen Lyall

Affiliations

  • Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
  • Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
  • AJ Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
  • Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
  • Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
  • Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Norther California, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.
  • Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
  • Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
  • College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801, USA.

Abstract

We examined the relationship between maternal intake of established dietary patterns and child autism-related outcomes in two prospective cohorts in the United States. Participants were drawn from the Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI, = 154) and the Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII, = 727). Dietary information was collected via food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and used to calculate the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Western and Prudent dietary patterns, and the alternative Mediterranean Diet (aMED) score. Primary analyses examined associations with continuous autism-related traits as measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), and secondary analyses with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis. We used crude and multivariable quantile regression fixed at the 50th percentile to examine associations between quartiles of dietary patterns and SRS scores, and logistic regression to examine associations with ASD diagnosis. There was suggestion of a positive association with the Western diet (Q4 vs. Q1, ß = 11.19, 95% CI: 3.30, 19.90) in EARLI, though the association was attenuated with adjustment for total energy intake, and no clear associations were observed with other dietary patterns and ASD diagnosis or SRS scores. Further work is needed to better understand the role of maternal dietary patterns in ASD and related outcomes.

MeSH

Pregnancy, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Diet, Autistic Disorder, Food, Diagnosis, Diet, Healthy, Child, Dietary Patterns

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