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Journal Article Ppublish 98 citations

PubMed: 36094837 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2114254

Current updates on generations, approvals, and clinical trials of CAR T-cell therapy.

Hum Vaccin Immunother 18(6):2114254

Authors: Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie, Markeshaw Tiruneh G/Medhin, Gashaw Dessie Terefe, Fitalew Tadele Admasu, Wondwossen Wale Tesega, Endeshaw Chekol Abebe

Affiliations

  • Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
  • Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science Arbaminch University, Arbaminch, Ethiopia.
  • Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a novel, customized immunotherapy that is considered a 'living' and self-replicating drug to treat cancer, sometimes resulting in a complete cure. CAR T-cells are manufactured through genetic engineering of T-cells by equipping them with CARs to detect and target antigen-expressing cancer cells. CAR is designed to have an ectodomain extracellularly, a transmembrane domain spanning the cell membrane, and an endodomain intracellularly. Since its first discovery, the CAR structure has evolved greatly, from the first generation to the fifth generation, to offer new therapeutic alternatives for cancer patients. This treatment has achieved long-term and curative therapeutic efficacy in multiple blood malignancies that nowadays profoundly change the treatment landscape of lymphoma, leukemia, and multiple myeloma. But CART-cell therapy is associated with several hurdles, such as limited therapeutic efficacy, little effect on solid tumors, adverse effects, expensive cost, and feasibility issues, hindering its broader implications.

MeSH

Vaccines, Membranes, Cells, Therapeutics, Neoplasms, T-Lymphocytes, Car-T Cell

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