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Publications

Journal Article Review Epublish 14 citations

PubMed: 36139562 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184402

Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Comprehensive Review on Nutritional Approaches.

Cancers (Basel) 14(18)

Authors: Giovanna Muscogiuri, Luigi Barrea, Maria Celeste Cantone, Valentina Guarnotta, Rossella Mazzilli, Ludovica Verde, Claudia Vetrani, Annamaria Colao, Antongiulio Faggiano

Affiliations

  • Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Unità di Endocrinologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
  • Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
  • Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla Salute e allo Sviluppo Sostenibile", Università Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
  • Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Via Porzio, Centro Direzionale, Isola F2, 80143 Naples, Italy.
  • Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy.
  • Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), Sezione di Malattie Endocrine, del Ricambio e della Nutrizione, Università di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
  • Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.

Abstract

Neuroendocrine neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with increasing incidence, high prevalence, and survival worldwide. About 90% of cases are well differentiated forms, the so-called neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), with slow proliferation rates and prolonged survival but frequent development of liver metastases and endocrine syndromes. Both the tumor itself and systemic therapy may have an impact on patient nutrition. Malnutrition has a negative impact on outcome in patients with NETs, as well as obesity. In addition, obesity and metabolic syndrome have been shown to be risk factors for both the development and prognosis of NET. Therefore, dietary assessment based on body composition and lifestyle modifications should be an integral part of the treatment of NET patients. Nutrition plans, properly formulated by a dietician, are an integral part of the multidisciplinary treatment team for patients with NETs because they allow an improvement in quality of life, providing a tailored approach based on nutritional needs and nutritional manageable signs and/or symptoms related to pharmacological treatment. The aim of this review is to condense the latest evidence on the role of the most used dietary models, the Mediterranean diet, the ketogenic diet, and intermittent fasting, in the context of NETs, while considering the clinical and molecular mechanisms by which these dietary models act.

MeSH

Signs And Symptoms, Fasting, Therapeutics, Neuroendocrine Tumors, Neoplasms, Diet, Obesity

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