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Journal Article Review Ppublish 29 citations

PubMed: 36484943 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09774-1

Phase angle (PhA) in overweight and obesity: evidence of applicability from diagnosis to weight changes in obesity treatment.

Rev Endocr Metab Disord 24(3):451-464

Authors: Raffaella Cancello, Amelia Brunani, Ettore Brenna, Davide Soranna, Simona Bertoli, Antonella Zambon, Henry C Lukaski, Paolo Capodaglio

Affiliations

  • Obesity Unit and Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
  • Laboratory of Biomechanics, Rehabilitation and Ergonomics, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piancavallo Verbania, Italy.
  • Biostatistic Unit, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy.
  • Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), University of Milan, Via Sandro Botticelli 21, 20133, Milan, Italy.
  • Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
  • Department of Kinesiology and Public Health Education, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, USA.
  • Laboratory of Biomechanics, Rehabilitation and Ergonomics, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piancavallo Verbania, Italy.
  • Department of Surgical Sciences, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Torino, 10126, Torino, Italy.

Abstract

Phase angle (PhA) is a recently proposed marker of nutritional status in many clinical conditions. Its use in patients with obesity presents different critical concerns due to the higher variability of the two measured parameters (resistance, R, and reactance, Xc) that contribute to the determination of PhA. Controversial is the relation between PhA and BMI that might vary with graded levels of obesity due to the variation in fat and free fat mass. Obesity is frequently associated with metabolic, hepatic, cardiovascular and kidney diseases that introduce variations in PhA values, in relation to multimorbidity and severity degree of these diseases. It is reported that the improvement of clinical condition is associated with a positive change in PhA. Also, the treatment of obesity with weight loss might confirm this effect, but with different responses in relation to the type and duration of the intervention applied. In fact, the effect appears not only related to the percentage of weight loss but also the possible loss of free fat mass and the nutritional, metabolic and structural modifications that might follow each therapeutic approach to decrease body weight. We can conclude that the PhA could be used as marker of health status in patients with obesity supporting an appropriate weight loss intervention to monitor efficacy and fat free mass preservation.

MeSH

Diagnosis, Weight Loss, Therapeutics, Endocrine System Diseases, Obesity, Overweight

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