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Journal Article Epublish 14 citations

PubMed: 36949437 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06268-2

Reliability and validity of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index in a sample of patients with frozen shoulder.

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 24(1):212

Authors: Davide Venturin, Gabriele Giannotta, Leonardo Pellicciari, Alex Rossi, Denis Pennella, Michela Goffredo, Antonio Poser

Affiliations

  • Kinè Physiotherapic and Orthopedic Center, San Vendemiano, Treviso, Italy.
  • Department of Medicine and Health Science "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
  • In Corpore Sano, Physiotherapic Clinic, Lecce, Italy.
  • IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
  • University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
  • "Manual Therapy Lab" Clinic, Bari, Italy.
  • Department of Neurological and Rehabilitation Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via Della Pisana 235, 00163, Rome, Italy.
  • University of Padua, Padua, Italy.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The Shoulder and Pain Disability Index (SPADI) is a widely used outcome measure. The aim of this study is to explore the reliability and validity of SPADI in a sample of patients with idiopathic frozen shoulder.

METHODS

The SPADI was administered to 124 patients with idiopathic frozen shoulder. A sub-group of 29 patients were retested after 7 days. SPADI scores were correlated with other outcome measures (i.e., Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire - DASH; Numerical Pain Rating Scale-NPRS; and 36-item Short Form Health Survey-SF-36) to examine construct validity. Structural validity was assessed by a Two-Factors Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and measurement error were also analyzed.

RESULTS

The construct validity was satisfactory as seven out of eight of the expected correlations formulated (≥ 75%) for the subscales were satisfied. The CFA showed good values of all indicators for both Pain and Disability subscales (Comparative Fit Index = 0.999; Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.997; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.030). Internal consistency was good for pain (α = 0.859) and disability (α = 0.895) subscales. High test-retest reliability (Intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]) was found for pain (ICC = 0.989 [95% Confidence Interval (CI = 0.975-0.995]) and disability (ICC = 0.990 [95% CI = 0.988-0.998]). Standard Error of Measurement values of 2.27 and 2.32 and Minimal Detectable Change values of 6.27 and 6.25 were calculated for pain and disability subscales, respectively.

CONCLUSION

The SPADI demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity properties in a sample of patients with idiopathic frozen shoulder.

MeSH

Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Shoulder Pain, Musculoskeletal Diseases

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