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Publications

Journal Article Review Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Ppublish 3 citations

PubMed: 37428429 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-023-00611-3

Pathophysiology and Treatment Opportunities of Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure: Is There a Need for Further Trials?

Curr Heart Fail Rep 20(4):300-307

Authors: MichaƂ Tkaczyszyn, Marat Fudim, Piotr Ponikowski, Jan Biegus

Affiliations

  • Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland.
  • Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland.
  • Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
  • Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA.
  • Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland.
  • Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland.

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

Iron deficiency (ID) complicates heart failure (HF) at different stages of the natural history of the disease; however, this frequent comorbidity is still not comprehensively understood and investigated in terms of pathophysiology. Intravenous iron therapy with ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) should be considered to improve the quality of life, exercise capacity, and symptoms in stable HF with ID, as well as to reduce HF hospitalizations in iron-deficient patients stabilized after an episode of acute HF. The therapy with intravenous iron, however, continues to generate important clinical questions for cardiologists.

RECENT FINDINGS

In the current paper, we discuss the class effect concept for intravenous iron formulations beyond FCM, based on the experiences of nephrologists who administer different intravenous iron formulations in advanced chronic kidney disease complicated with ID and anemia. Furthermore, we discuss the neutral effects of oral iron therapy in patients with HF, because there are still some reasons to further explore this route of supplementation. The different definitions of ID applied in HF studies and new doubts regarding possible interactions of intravenous iron with sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors are also emphasized. The experiences of other medical specializations may provide new information on how to optimally replenish iron in patients with HF and ID.

MeSH

Heart Failure, Therapeutics, Symporters, Id, Iron Deficiencies

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