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Publications

Journal Article Review Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Epublish 16 citations

PubMed: 37841282 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1254206

Immune interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Front Immunol 14:1254206

Authors: Petro Booysen, Katalin A Wilkinson, Dylan Sheerin, Robyn Waters, Anna K Coussens, Robert J Wilkinson

Affiliations

  • Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
  • Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence Division, The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
  • Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
  • Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are major infectious causes of death, with meta-analyses and population-based studies finding increased mortality in co-infected patients simultaneously diagnosed with COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB). There is a need to understand the immune interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and Mtb which impacts poor outcomes for those co-infected. We performed a PubMed and preprint search using keywords [SARS-CoV-2] AND [tuberculosis] AND [Immune response], including publications after January 2020, excluding reviews or opinions. Abstracts were evaluated by authors for inclusion of data specifically investigating the innate and/or acquired immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and Mtb in humans and animal models, immunopathological responses in co-infection and both trials and investigations of potential protection against SARS-CoV-2 by Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG). Of the 248 articles identified, 39 were included. Incidence of co-infection is discussed, considering in areas with a high burden of TB, where reported co-infection is likely underestimated. We evaluated evidence of the clinical association between COVID-19 and TB, discuss differences and similarities in immune responses in humans and in murine studies, and the implications of co-infection. SARS-CoV-2 and Mtb have both been shown to modulate immune responses, particularly of monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells. Co-infection may result in impaired immunity to SARS-CoV-2, with an exacerbated inflammatory response, while T cell responses to Mtb may be modulated by SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, there has been no proven potential COVID-19 clinical benefit of BCG despite numerous large-scale clinical trials.

MeSH

Immunity, Infections, Immune System Diseases, Tuberculosis, Cells, T-Lymphocytes, Sars Virus, Coinfection, Covid-19, Sars-Cov-2

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