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Journal Article Epublish 4 citations

PubMed: 38378856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54421-1

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a co-formulated two-in-one inactivated whole virus particle COVID-19/influenza vaccine.

Sci Rep 14(1):4204

Authors: Chimuka Handabile, Marumi Ohno, Toshiki Sekiya, Naoki Nomura, Tomomi Kawakita, Mamiko Kawahara, Masafumi Endo, Tomohiro Nishimura, Minako Okumura, Shinsuke Toba, Michihito Sasaki, Yasuko Orba, Brendon Y Chua, Louise C Rowntree, Thi H O Nguyen, Masashi Shingai, Akihiko Sato, Hirofumi Sawa, Kazumasa Ogasawara, Katherine Kedzierska, Hiroshi Kida

Affiliations

  • Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
  • Division of Biologics Development, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
  • One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
  • International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
  • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia.
  • Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
  • Division of Vaccine Immunology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
  • KM Biologics Co. Ltd, Kumamoto, Japan.
  • Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, Toyonaka, Japan.
  • Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
  • Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
  • Division of Biologics Development, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
  • International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
  • Division of Vaccine Immunology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.

Abstract

Due to the synchronous circulation of seasonal influenza viruses and severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there is need for routine vaccination for both COVID-19 and influenza to reduce disease severity. Here, we prepared individual WPVs composed of formalin-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 WK 521 (Ancestral strain; Co WPV) or influenza virus [A/California/07/2009 (X-179A) (H1N1) pdm; Flu WPV] to produce a two-in-one Co/Flu WPV. Serum analysis from vaccinated mice revealed that a single dose of Co/Flu WPV induced antigen-specific neutralizing antibodies against both viruses, similar to those induced by either type of WPV alone. Following infection with either virus, mice vaccinated with Co/Flu WPV showed no weight loss, reduced pneumonia and viral titers in the lung, and lower gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines, as observed with individual WPV-vaccinated. Furthermore, a pentavalent vaccine (Co/qFlu WPV) comprising of Co WPV and quadrivalent influenza vaccine (qFlu WPV) was immunogenic and protected animals from severe COVID-19. These results suggest that a single dose of the two-in-one WPV provides efficient protection against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus infections with no evidence of vaccine interference in mice. We propose that concomitant vaccination with the two-in-one WPV can be useful for controlling both diseases.

MeSH

Coronavirus, Sars-Cov-2, Vaccines, Virion, Vaccination, Covid-19, Influenza, Human, Viruses, Influenza Vaccines, Natural Science Disciplines, Orthomyxoviridae, Infections

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