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Journal Article Epublish 1 citation

PubMed: 38543946 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12030312

Pilot Study on Evaluating the Impact of Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap), Influenza, and COVID-19 Vaccinations on Antibody Responses in Pregnant Women.

Vaccines (Basel) 12(3)

Authors: Wei-Chun Chen, Shu-Yu Hu, Chao-Min Cheng, Ching-Fen Shen, Hui-Yu Chuang, Chin-Ru Ker, Der-Ji Sun, Ching-Ju Shen

Affiliations

  • Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
  • Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
  • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New Taipei City Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 236, Taiwan.
  • International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
  • School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
  • Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
  • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
  • Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
  • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pojen Hospital, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.

Abstract

This study assessed IgG levels to influenza/pertussis and neutralizing antibody (Nab) responses of COVID-19 vaccines in blood of pregnant women following immunization with pertussis (Tdap), influenza, and COVID-19 vaccines. We prospectively collected 71 participants categorized by the following vaccine combinations: 3TI, 4TI, 3T, and 4T groups (three and four doses of COVID-19 vaccines plus Tdap/influenza or Tdap vaccines alone). Our findings have indicated that the 3TI group exhibited elevated IgG levels for influenza B compared to the 3T group (12.90 vs. 7.75 U, = 0.001); this pattern was not observed for influenza A. Pertussis IgG levels remained uniform across all groups. The 4TI group demonstrated a greater Nab inhibition rate from COVID-19 vaccines compared to both the 3TI and 3T groups (61.34% vs. 22.5% and 15.16%, respectively, = 0.001). We observed no correlation between Nab inhibition rate and IgG levels for Tdap/influenza, with the exception of a moderate correlation with influenza B in the 3TI group. The efficacy of Tdap vaccine in pregnant women remained consistent, regardless of the administration of COVID-19 or influenza vaccines. Interestingly, without the influenza vaccine, both three and four doses of the COVID-19 vaccine still offered protection against influenza A, but not B. Hence, co-administering COVID-19, influenza, and Tdap vaccines during prenatal care maintains immunogenicity and is highly advised to safeguard pregnant women fully.

MeSH

Pregnant Women, Pilot Projects, Pilots, Pregnancy, Antibody Formation, Diphtheria, Vaccines, Covid-19 Vaccines, Whooping Cough, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Vaccination, Covid-19, Influenza, Human, Influenza Vaccines, Tetanus

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