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Journal Article Epublish 3 citations

PubMed: 38548336 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1372-23.2024

Neuroanatomical Predictors of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS)-Induced Modifications in Neurocognitive Task Performance in Typically Developing Individuals.

J Neurosci 44(22)

Authors: Caroline Gurr, Maike Splittgerber, Oula Puonti, Julia Siemann, Christina Luckhardt, Helena C Pereira, Joana Amaral, Joana Crisóstomo, Alexandre Sayal, Mário Ribeiro, Daniela Sousa, Astrid Dempfle, Kerstin Krauel, Christoph Borzikowsky, Hannah Brauer, Alexander Prehn-Kristensen, Carolin Breitling-Ziegler, Miguel Castelo-Branco, Ricardo Salvador, Giada Damiani, Giulio Ruffini, Michael Siniatchkin, Axel Thielscher, Christine M Freitag, Vera Moliadze, Christine Ecker

Affiliations

  • Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60528, Germany.
  • Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel 24105, Germany.
  • Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre 2650, Denmark.
  • Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Protestant Hospital Bethel, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld 33617, Germany.
  • Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60528, Germany.
  • Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences applied to Health (ICNAS), Faculty of Medicine, Academic Clinical Centre, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal.
  • Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel 24105, Germany.
  • Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39130, Germany.
  • German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Halle-Jena- Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
  • Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Integrative Psychiatry Kiel, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel 24105, Germany.
  • Neuroelectrics, Barcelona 08035, Spain.
  • Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark.

Abstract

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique gaining more attention in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Due to the phenotypic heterogeneity of NDDs, tDCS is unlikely to be equally effective in all individuals. The present study aimed to establish neuroanatomical markers in typically developing (TD) individuals that may be used for the prediction of individual responses to tDCS. Fifty-seven male and female children received 2 mA anodal and sham tDCS, targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), right inferior frontal gyrus, and bilateral temporoparietal junction. Response to tDCS was assessed based on task performance differences between anodal and sham tDCS in different neurocognitive tasks (-back, flanker, Mooney faces detection, attentional emotional recognition task). Measures of cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) were derived from 3 Tesla structural MRI scans. Associations between neuroanatomy and task performance were assessed using general linear models (GLM). Machine learning (ML) algorithms were employed to predict responses to tDCS. Vertex-wise estimates of SA were more closely linked to differences in task performance than measures of CT. Across ML algorithms, highest accuracies were observed for the prediction of -back task performance differences following stimulation of the DLPFC, where 65% of behavioral variance was explained by variability in SA. Lower accuracies were observed for all other tasks and stimulated regions. This suggests that it may be possible to predict individual responses to tDCS for some behavioral measures and target regions. In the future, these models might be extended to predict treatment outcome in individuals with NDDs.

MeSH

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Algorithms, Neuroanatomy, Neurology, Neurodevelopment

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