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Journal Article Ppublish 1 citation

PubMed: 39392878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00536

Longitudinal Assessment of Nasopharyngeal Biomarkers Post-COVID-19: Unveiling Persistent Markers and Severity Correlations.

J Proteome Res 23(11):5064-5084

Authors: Francisco Javier Redondo-Calvo, Yoana Rabanal-Ruiz, Gema Verdugo-Moreno, Natalia Bejarano-Ramírez, Raquel Bodoque-Villar, Mario Durán-Prado, Soledad Illescas, Eduardo Chicano-Galvez, Francisco Javier Gómez-Romero, José Martinez-Alarcón, Javier Arias-Pardilla, Pilar Lopez-Juarez, Juan Fernando Padin, Juan Ramón Peinado, Leticia Serrano-Oviedo

Affiliations

  • Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University General Hospital, SESCAM, Ciudad Real 13004, Spain.
  • Traslational Investigation Unit, University General Hospital, SESCAM. Research Institute of Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Ciudad Real 13004, Spain.
  • Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Castilla La Mancha, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain.
  • Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Medical Sciences Department, Medical School, UCLM, Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Research Institute of Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain.
  • Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine at Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain.
  • Department of Pediatrics, University General Hospital, Ciudad Real 13004, Spain.
  • Department of Microbiology, University General Hospital, Ciudad Real 13004, Spain.
  • IMIBIC Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Imaging Unit (IMSMI). Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba (UCO), Córdoba 14004, Spain.

Abstract

SARS-CoV-19 infection provokes a variety of symptoms; most patients present mild/moderate symptoms, whereas a small proportion of patients progress to severe illness with multiorgan failure accompanied by metabolic disturbances requiring ICU-level care. Given the importance of the disease, researchers focused on identifying severity-associated biomarkers in infected patients as well as markers associated with patients suffering long-COVID. However, little is known about the presence of biomarkers that remain a few years after SARS-CoV-2 infection once the patients fully recover of the symptoms. In this study, we evaluated the presence of persistent biomarkers in the nasopharyngeal tract two years after SARS-Cov-2 infection in fully asymptomatic patients, taking into account the severity of their infection (mild/moderate and severe infections). In addition to the direct identification of several components of the Coronavirus Infection Pathway in those individuals that suffered severe infections, we describe herein 371 proteins and their associated canonical pathways that define the different adverse effects of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The persistence of these biomarkers for up to two years after infection, along with their ability to distinguish the severity of the infection endured, highlights the surprising presence of persistent nasopharyngeal exudate changes in fully recovered patients.

MeSH

Biomarkers, Signs And Symptoms, Covid-19, Proteomics, Proteome, Infections

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