Journal Article Review Ppublish
PubMed: 39508600 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.14254
Intersection of Sleep Disorders and Parkinson Disease: Unveiling the Bidirectional Relationship.
Mov Disord Clin Pract 12(1):11-20
Authors: Elena Antelmi, Giuseppe Lanza, Maria Paola Mogavero, Gloria Pompea Mingolla, Giuseppe Plazzi, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, Raffaele Ferri, Michele Tinazzi
Affiliations
- Neurology Unit B, AOUI, Verona, Italy.
- DIMI Department of Engineering and Medicine of Innovation, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Unit, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy.
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Neuroscience, Sleep Disorders Center, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (ISNB), Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) frequently exhibit non-motor symptoms, particularly sleep disturbances. Sleep disorders in PD patients are intricately linked to the pathogenesis and progression of PD itself, exacerbating neurodegenerative processes and worsening patient quality of life.
OBJECTIVES
This review underscores the significance of sleep disorders in PD, highlighting their prevalence, impact on disease progression, and the bidirectional relationship between sleep disruption and neurodegeneration. It aims to enhance clinician awareness for better diagnosis and management of sleep-related comorbidities in PD.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus using key terms such as "sleep disorders", "Parkinson's disease", "REM sleep behavior disorder", "restless legs syndrome", "insomnia", "obstructive sleep apnea", "excessive daytime sleepiness", "circadian rhythm disorders", "sleep and neurodegeneration".
RESULTS
Sleep disorders are prevalent in PD affecting up to 90% of patients. Conditions such as insomnia, REM sleep behavior disorder, restless legs syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea, excessive daytime sleepiness, and circadian rhythm disorders are commonly reported. These disorders are linked to multifactorial biological mechanisms and are associated with more severe disease phenotypes. Of note, several evidence shows that sleep abnormalities may contribute to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, further accelerating the disease course.
CONCLUSIONS
Sleep disturbances are critical non-motor symptoms in PD. Early diagnosis and tailored management of sleep disorders are essential for improving clinical outcomes and potentially offering neuroprotective benefits.
MeSH
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive, Parkinson Disease, Circadian Rhythm, Sleep, Apnea, Signs And Symptoms, Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Diagnosis, Sleep Initiation And Maintenance Disorders, Restless Legs Syndrome, Sleepiness