System Maintenance Notice

Please note that maintenance work is scheduled between 4 AM and 5 AM - CET. During this time, you may experience reduced performance. Thanks for your patience.

Publications

Journal Article Preprint Epublish

PubMed: 39574850 DOI: 10.1101/2024.10.29.24316369

Health outcomes after national acute sleep deprivation events among the American public.

medRxiv

Authors: Neil J Kelly, Rahul Chaudhary, Wadih El Khoury, Nishita Kalepalli, Jesse Wang, Priya Patel, Irene N Chan, Haris Rahman, Aisha Saiyed, Anisha N Shah, Colleen A McClung, Satoshi Okawa, Seyed Mehdi Nouraie, Stephen Y Chan

Affiliations

  • Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
  • Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
  • Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA.
  • Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
  • Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA.
  • University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
  • Translational Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
  • Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
  • McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
  • Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

Abstract

Background

Sleep is increasingly recognized as essential to human health, yet the adverse health consequences of acute sleep deprivation are unknown. Using actigraphic, genomic, and health data from the () Research Program, we characterized the detrimental health consequences of acute sleep deprivation in the American public.

Methods

LOESS smoothing was performed on sleep estimates from Fitbit users (N = 14,681) between June 1, 2016 and July 1, 2022. Dates when population minutes slept were less than the 90% confidence interval of the LOESS regression were named acute sleep deprivation events (ASDEs). Phenome-wide disease incidence among the population (N = 287,012) in the 10 days post-ASDE was compared to a preceding reference period by McNemar test. Circadian rhythm and sleep duration-associated SNPs were screened to identify genotypes associated with shorter ASDE sleep duration. Influences of sleep and circadian genotype on post-ASDE influenza risk were modeled using binomial family generalized estimating equations.

Findings

We identified 32 ASDEs spanning political and non-political events. A phenome-wide screen found increased risk of influenza (OR = 1.54 [1.40, 1.70], -value = 1.00 × 10) following ASDEs. 56 SNPs were associated with decreased sleep duration on ASDEs. Higher quantiles of ASDE-related SNP genotype burden were associated with less ASDE sleep duration and a greater risk of influenza-associated healthcare visits.

Interpretation

National political and non-political events are associated with acute sleep deprivation and greater influenza risk which is amplified by sleep genotypes. These findings should inform public health vigilance surrounding major national events.

MeSH

Sleep Deprivation, Sleep, Influenza, Human, Genotype