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Journal Article Epublish 4 citations

PubMed: 39596269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252212203

Endothelial Dysfunction with Aging: Does Sex Matter?

Int J Mol Sci 25(22)

Authors: Jakub Jozue Wojtacha, Barbara Morawin, Edyta Wawrzyniak-Gramacka, Anna Tylutka, Ana Karyn Ehrenfried de Freitas, Agnieszka Zembron-Lacny

Affiliations

  • Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, University of Zielona Gora, 28 Zyty Str. 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland.
  • School of Health Science, Positivo University, 5300 Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza Street, Campo Comprido, Curitiba 81280-330, PR, Brazil.
  • Department of Cardiology, Hospital da Cruz Vermelha Brasileira Filial do Paraná, Av. Vicente Machado, 1280, R. Cap. Souza Franco, 50-Batel, Curitiba 80420-011, PR, Brazil.

Abstract

Oxidative stress and inflammation accompany endothelial dysfunction that results from the excessive or uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in older adults. This study was designed to assess the usefulness of serum oxi-inflammatory component combinations in vascular disease prediction and prevention with regard to sex. Women ( = 145) and men ( = 50) aged 72.2 ± 7.8 years participated in this project. The females demonstrated the elevated production of hydrogen peroxide (HO and nitric oxide (NO) responsible for intravascular low-density lipoprotein oxidation. NO generation was enhanced in the women, but its bioavailability was reduced, which was expressed by a high 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NitroT) concentration. The relation of NO/3-NitroT (r = 0.811, < 0.001) in the women and NO/3-NitroT (r = -0.611, < 0.001) in the men showed that sex determines endothelial dysfunction. RONS generation in the women simultaneously promoted endothelial regeneration, as demonstrated by a ~1.5-fold increase in circulating progenitor cells. Inflammation-specific variables, such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, the systemic immune inflammation index, and the neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio, were reduced in the women and showed their diagnostic utility for clinical prognosis in vascular dysfunction, especially the C-reactive-protein-to-HDL ratio (AUC = 0.980, specificity 94.7%, sensitivity 93.3%, OR = 252, 95% CI 65-967, < 0.001). This study is the first to have revealed sex-specific changes in the oxi-inflammatory response, which can generate the risk of cardiovascular events at an older age.

MeSH

Endothelial Progenitor Cells, Aging, Lipoproteins, Neutrophils, Sex, Blood Cell Count

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