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Journal Article Epublish 2 citations

PubMed: 39629701 DOI: 10.2196/56989

Association Between Sociodemographic Factors and Vaccine Acceptance for Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 in South Korea: Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

JMIR Public Health Surveill 10:e56989

Authors: Seohyun Hong, Yejun Son, Myeongcheol Lee, Jun Hyuk Lee, Jaeyu Park, Hayeon Lee, Elena Dragioti, Guillaume Fond, Laurent Boyer, Guillermo Felipe López Sánchez, Lee Smith, Mark A Tully, Masoud Rahmati, Yong Sung Choi, Young Joo Lee, Seung Geun Yeo, Selin Woo, Dong Keon Yon

Affiliations

  • Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea, 82 2 6935 2476, 82 504 478 0201.
  • Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea, 82 2 6935 2476, 82 504 478 0201. Department of Precision Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
  • Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea, 82 2 6935 2476, 82 504 478 0201. Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
  • Health and Human Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
  • Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea, 82 2 6935 2476, 82 504 478 0201.
  • Research Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families, and Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
  • CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
  • Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia School of Medicine, Murcia, Spain.
  • Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
  • School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
  • Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran.
  • Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran.
  • Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
  • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
  • Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
  • Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea, 82 2 6935 2476, 82 504 478 0201. Department of Precision Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Abstract

Background

The imperative arises to study the impact of socioeconomic factors on the acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza vaccines amid changes in immunization policies during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective

To enhance targeted public health strategies and improve age-specific policies based on identified risk factors, this study investigated the associations between sociodemographic factors and vaccination behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic, with emphasis on age-specific vaccine cost policies.

Methods

This study analyzed data from the Korean Community Health Survey 2019-2022 with 507,964 participants to investigate the impact of age-specific policies on vaccination behaviors during the pandemic period. Cohorts aged 19-64 years and 65 years or older were stratified based on age (years), sociodemographic factors, and health indicators. The cohorts were investigated to assess the influence of relevant risk factors on vaccine acceptance under the pandemic by using weighted odds ratio and ratio of odds ratio (ROR).

Results

Among 507,964 participants, the acceptance of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (COVID-19 vaccine) was higher among individuals with factors possibly indicating higher socioeconomic status, such as higher education level (age 19-64 years: ROR 1.34; 95% CI 1.27-1.40 and age ≥65 years: ROR 1.19; 95% CI 1.01-1.41) and higher income (age 19-64 years: ROR 1.67; 95% CI 1.58-1.76 and age ≥65 years: ROR 1.21; 95% CI 1.06-1.38) for both age cohorts compared to influenza vaccine acceptance before the pandemic. In the context of influenza vaccination during the pandemic, the older cohort exhibited vaccine hesitancy associated with health care mobility factors such as lower general health status (ROR 0.89; 95% CI 0.81-0.97).

Conclusions

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies should focus on reducing hesitancy among individuals with lower social participation. To improve influenza vaccine acceptance during the pandemic, strategies for the younger cohort should focus on individuals with lower social participation, while efforts for the older cohort should prioritize individuals with limited access to health care services.

MeSH

Sars-Cov-2, Cross-Sectional Studies, Vaccines, Covid-19 Vaccines, Public Health, Vaccination, Odds Ratio, Influenza, Human, Influenza Vaccines, Risk Factors, Pandemics, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus, Vaccination Hesitancy

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