System Maintenance Notice

Please note that maintenance work is scheduled between 4 AM and 5 AM - CET. During this time, you may experience reduced performance. Thanks for your patience.

Publications

Journal Article Review Ppublish 1 citation

PubMed: 39680311 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-024-03043-0

Is COVID-19 Still a Threat? An Expert Opinion Review on the Continued Healthcare Burden in Immunocompromised Individuals.

Adv Ther 42(2):666-719

Authors: Christoph D Spinner, Samira Bell, Hermann Einsele, Cécile Tremblay, Michel Goldman, Zain Chagla, Axel Finckh, Christopher J Edwards, Igor Aurer, Odile Launay, Carolina Casañas I Comabella, Samantha James, Sabada Dube, Katarzyna Borkowska, Fungwe Jah, Walid Kandeil, Renata T C Yokota, Cécile Artaud, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg, Loreto Gesualdo, Dominique Bertrand, Sofie Arnetorp, Gkikas Magiorkinis

Affiliations

  • TUM School of Medicine and Health, Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Department for Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany.
  • Division of Population Health and Genomics, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland.
  • Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
  • Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, H2X 0C1, Canada.
  • Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
  • Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
  • McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
  • University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • NIHR Southampton Clinical Research Facility, University Hospital Southampton, NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton Hampshire, UK.
  • University Hospital Center Zagreb Kišpatićeva ul. 12, and Medical School, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
  • Université Paris Cité; Inserm CIC1417, F-CRIN I REIVAC; Assistance, Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France.
  • Evidera, Evidence, Value and Access by PPD, Granta Park Great Abington, Cambridge, UK.
  • Evidera, Evidence, Value and Access by PPD, Paris, France.
  • Epidemiology, Vaccines and Immune Therapies Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
  • Medical Affairs, BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, Hamburg, Germany.
  • Vaccines and Immune Therapies, BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, Baar, Switzerland.
  • P95 Epidemiology & Pharmacovigilance, Leuven, Belgium.
  • Medical Affairs, Vaccines and Immune Therapies, BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, Courbevoie, France.
  • Strasbourg University Hospital, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
  • Renal, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
  • Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, University of Rouen, Rouen, France.
  • Health Economics & Payer Evidence, Vaccines & Immune Therapies, BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
  • Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 72, Athens, Greece.

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has had a profound global impact. The emergence of several variants during the pandemic has presented numerous challenges in preventing and managing this disease. The development of vaccines has played a pivotal role in controlling the pandemic, with a significant portion of the global population being vaccinated. This, along with the emergence of less virulent SARS-CoV-2 variants, has led to a reduction in the severity of COVID-19 outcomes for the overall population. Nevertheless, individuals with immunocompromising conditions continue to face challenges given their suboptimal response to vaccination and vulnerability to severe COVID-19. This expert review synthesizes recent published evidence regarding the economic and human impact of COVID-19 on such individuals. The literature suggests that rates of hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and mechanical ventilation use were high during the pre-Omicron era, and remained high during Omicron and later, despite vaccination for this population. Moreover, studies indicated that these individuals experienced a negative impact on their mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) compared to those without immunocompromising conditions, with elevated levels of anxiety, depression, and distress reported. Further, these individuals with immunocompromising conditions experienced substantial costs associated with COVID-19 and loss of income during the pandemic, though the evidence on the economic burden of COVID-19 in such individuals is limited. Generally, COVID-19 has increased healthcare resource use and costs, impaired mental health, and reduced HRQoL in those with varied immunocompromising conditions compared to both those without COVID-19 and the general population-underscoring the importance of continued real-world studies. Ongoing research is crucial to assess the ongoing burden of COVID-19 in vaccinated individuals with immunocompromising conditions who are still at risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes to ensure their needs are not disproportionately worse than the general population.

MeSH

Quality Of Life, Sars-Cov-2, Vaccines, Drug Therapy, Vaccination, Covid-19, Diagnosis, Pandemics, Mental Health

Cited by