Journal Article Review Ppublish 2 citations
PubMed: 39701900 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2024.11.006
Dematiaceous Molds.
Infect Dis Clin North Am 39(1):75-92
Authors: Lucy X Li, Hyunah Yoon
Affiliations
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Belfer 610, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Abstract
Dematiaceous molds are darkly pigmented environmental molds found worldwide, especially prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. Common genera include Bipolaris, Cladophialophora, Exophiala, and Alternaria. They cause disease in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals, presenting as cutaneous infections, allergic sinusitis, pneumonia, and, rarely, disseminated infections. Contaminated medical products have also led to fungal meningitis outbreaks. Treatment typically involves itraconazole, voriconazole, or posaconazole, along with source control and reduction in immunosuppression, if possible. Newer antifungals may have a role in treatment. Mortality is high in disseminated disease, especially with Lomentospora prolificans in immunocompromised individuals, prompting global efforts to improve diagnostics and treatments.
MeSH
Therapeutics, Communicable Diseases, Infections
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