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Publications

Journal Article Observational Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Ppublish 9 citations

PubMed: 39702765 DOI: 10.1111/irv.70054

Changes in Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalisations Epidemiology After Nirsevimab Introduction in Lyon, France.

Influenza Other Respir Viruses 18(12):e70054

Authors: Cécile Chauvel, Côme Horvat, Etienne Javouhey, Yves Gillet, Juliette Hassenboehler, Claire Nour Abou Chakra, Corinne Ragouilliaux, Franck Plaisant, Dominique Ploin, Marine Butin, Jean-Sebastien Casalegno, Marta C Nunes

Affiliations

  • Center of Excellence in Respiratory Pathogens (CERP), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France.
  • Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Équipe Santé Publique, Épidémiologie et Écologie Évolutive des Maladies Infectieuses (PHE3ID), Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
  • Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Services d'Urgences et de Réanimation Pédiatriques, Bron, France.
  • EA 7426 "Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression", University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
  • Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Laboratoire StaPath, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
  • Center of Excellence in Respiratory Pathogens (CERP), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France. Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Équipe Santé Publique, Épidémiologie et Écologie Évolutive des Maladies Infectieuses (PHE3ID), Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
  • Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Maternité, Lyon, France.
  • Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Maternité, Pierre-Bénite, France.
  • Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Laboratoire Vir'Path, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
  • Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Maternité, Lyon, France.
  • Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Centre de Biologie Nord, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Laboratoire de Virologie, Lyon, France.
  • Vaccines & Infectious Diseases Analytics (VIDA) Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a major health concern, particularly for infants. In France, Nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody to prevent RSV-associated lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) was available from September 2023. We described RSV-associated LRTI hospitalisations during the 2023-2024 season among infants younger than six months born at the Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), and evaluated the effectiveness of Nirsevimab against RSV-LRTI hospitalisation.

METHODS

This observational study included infants born and hospitalised at the HCL during the 2023-2024 season, along with pre-COVID-19 and 2022-2023 seasons. Information on Nirsevimab immunisation status, clinical and perinatal variables were collected through routine care. Infants' characteristics and incidence rate of hospitalisation per 100 births during 2023-2024 were compared with the historical periods overall and by delay between birth and the onset of the RSV season. Nirsevimab effectiveness was computed by the screening method.

RESULTS

During the 2023-2024 season, 83 infants younger than six months were hospitalised with an RSV-associated LRTI. Compared with the historical periods (640 pre-COVID-19 and 123 in 2022-2023), these infants were older. Incidence rate for infants born during the period when immunisation was available were lower than the previous seasons; incidence rate ratios were 0.45 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.33; 0.62) in 2023-2024 compared with pre-COVID-19 period and 0.53 (95%CI: 0.36; 0.77) compared with 2022-2023 season. Nirsevimab effectiveness was 78.3% (95%CI: 55.9; 89.5) with a coverage of 79.3% in the two main HCL maternities.

CONCLUSIONS

High Nirsevimab coverage and effectiveness were estimated in a real-world setting. A change in the age distribution of RSV-associated LRTI hospitalisations in 2023-2024 was noted compared with historical seasons.

MeSH

Respiratory Syncytial Viruses, Epidemiology, Parturition, Incidence, Influenza, Human, Viruses, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Satellite Viruses, Infant

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