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Publications

Journal Article Review Ahead of print 1 citation

PubMed: 39743402 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.12.004

Sex- and endurance training-mediated cardiovascular protection through lipids during exercise.

Trends Endocrinol Metab

Authors: Julia An, Ariel S Thorson, David H Wasserman, John M Stafford, Lin Zhu

Affiliations

  • Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Johns Hopkins University Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
  • Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Tennessee Valley Health System, Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA.
  • Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
  • Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Tennessee Valley Health System, Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA.
  • Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Tennessee Valley Health System, Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA.

Abstract

Premenopausal women and endurance-trained individuals of either sex have reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Endurance training shifts fuel selection towards fats to spare carbohydrates; interestingly, women prioritize fats as an energy resource more than men do during exercise. Relying on fats during exercise drives whole-body lipolysis and promotes lipid uptake and oxidation capacity in skeletal muscles. These metabolic adaptations during exercise result in protection against diet-induced obesity, a healthy body fat distribution, and reduced plasma triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations. Here, we analyze how sex differences and endurance training mediate changes in skeletal muscles, including exercise-induced lipolysis, lipid uptake and β-oxidation, intramuscular TG storage, and postexercise lipid metabolism, and discuss how regulating this processes affects CVD risk.

MeSH

Exercise, Muscles, Endurance Training, Hormones, Fats, Endocrine Glands, Sex, Muscle, Skeletal, Endocrine System Diseases

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