Journal Article Ppublish
PubMed: 39803891 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00630
4D-DIA Proteomics Uncovers New Insights into Host Salivary Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection.
J Proteome Res 24(2):499-514
Authors: Iasmim Lopes de Lima, Thais Regiani Cataldi, Carlos Brites, Mônica Teresa Veneziano Labate, Sara Nunes Vaz, Felice Deminco, Gustavo Santana da Cunha, Carlos Alberto Labate, Marcos Nogueira Eberlin
Affiliations
- PPGEMN, School of Engineering, Mackenzie Presbyterian University & MackGraphe - Mackenzie Institute for Research in Graphene and Nanotechnologies, Mackenzie Presbyterian Institute, São Paulo, São Paulo 01302-907, Brazil.
- Department of Genetics, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo/ESALQ, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil.
- LAPI - Laboratory of Research in Infectology, University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos (HUPES), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia 40110-060, Brazil.
Abstract
Since late 2021, Omicron variants have dominated the epidemiological scenario as the most successful severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sublineages, driving new and breakthrough infections globally over the past two years. In this study, we investigated for the first time the host salivary response of COVID-19 patients infected with Omicron variants (BA.1, BA.2, and BA.4/5) by using an untargeted four-dimensional data-independent acquisition (4D-DIA)-based proteomics approach. We identified 137 proteins whose abundance levels differed between the COVID-19 positive and negative groups. Salivary signatures were mainly enriched in ribosomal proteins, linked to mRNAviral translation, protein synthesis and processing, immune innate, and antiapoptotic signaling. The higher abundance of 14-3-3 proteins (YWHAG, YWHAQ, YWHAE, and SFN) in saliva, first reported here, may be associated with increased infectivity and improved viral replicative fitness. We also identified seven proteins (ACTN1, H2AC2, GSN, NDKA, CD109, GGH, and PCYOX) that yielded comprehension into Omicron infection and performed outstandingly in screening patients with COVID-19 in a hospital setting. This panel also presented an enhanced anti-COVID-19 and anti-inflammatory signature, providing insights into disease severity, supported by comparisons with other proteome data sets. The salivary signature provided valuable insights into the host's response to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, shedding light on the pathophysiology of COVID-19, particularly in cases associated with mild disease. It also underscores the potential clinical applications of saliva for disease screening in hospital settings. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD054133.
MeSH
Sars-Cov-2, Proteomics, Proteome, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus, Infections