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Publications

Journal Article Epublish

PubMed: 39911803 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1537932

phytochemicals ameliorated hyperglycemia symptoms by modulating gut microbial communities in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Front Nutr 12:1537932

Authors: Tingting Liu, Xiaodong Ge, Lu Song, Huanhuan Wu, Xue Qian, Bowen Jia, Chao Zhao, Yi Zhuang

Affiliations

  • Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China.
  • College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China.
  • Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China.
  • Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Suqian Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China.
  • College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.

Abstract

Introduction

Prolonged hyperglycemia caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can lead to liver injury and disrupt the community of the gut microbiota that pose significant risks to human health. As a food rich in a variety of active ingredients, () exhibits hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. However, the regulatory influence of ethanol extract (ZSE) on the gut microbiota of T2DM mice or its potential relationship with T2DM pathology remains unexplored.

Methods

After a one-week acclimation period, 12 mice were randomly selected as the normal group. The remaining 48 mice were employed T2DM model, and then randomly assigned to four groups: the model group, a low-dose ZSE group (ZSE-L, 100 mg/kg/day), a high-dose ZSE group (ZSE-H, 300 mg/kg/day), and a positive control group treated with metformin hydrochloride (MET, 100 mg/kg/day).

Results

After a 4-week intervention, the results revealed that ZSE significantly ameliorated fasting blood glucose (FBG), area under the curve of oral glucose tolerance test (AUC of OGTT) and glycated serum protein (GSP) in T2DM mice. Moreover, the high-dose (ZSE-H) treatment increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as , while reducing harmful bacteria such as , thereby alleviating insulin resistance. Additionally, ZSE-H demonstrated superior efficacy over low-dose (ZSE-L) in improving FBG, AUC of OGTT, and other hypoglycemic parameters. Predictive analysis of the correlation between gut microbiota and hypoglycemic parameters identified , , and as potential microbial biomarkers for further investigation into the pathogenesis of T2DM.

Conclusion

ZSE plays a pivotal role in mitigating hyperglycemia in T2DM mice through the modulation of intestinal microbiota communities.

MeSH

Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperglycemia, Signs And Symptoms, Hypoglycemic Agents, Bacteria, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Microbiota, Phytochemicals, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2