Journal Article Ppublish 2 citations
PubMed: 39926714 DOI: 10.53941/ijddp.2024.100022
Immune Checkpoints Are New Therapeutic Targets in Regulating Cardio-, and Cerebro-Vascular Diseases and CD4Foxp3 Regulatory T Cell Immunosuppression.
Int J Drug Discov Pharm 3(4)
Authors: Ying Shao, William Y Yang, Gayani Nanayakkara, Fatma Saaoud, Mohammed Ben Issa, Keman Xu, Yifan Lu, Xiaohua Jiang, Sadia Mohsin, Hong Wang, Xiaofeng Yang
Affiliations
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA. Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA.
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA.
- Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112, USA.
- Aging + Cardiovascular Discovery Center (ACDC), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA.
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA.
Abstract
Although previous reviews explored the roles of selected immune checkpoints (ICPs) in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cerebrovascular diseases from various perspectives, many related aspects have yet to be thoroughly reviewed and analyzed. Our comprehensive review addresses this gap by discussing the cellular functions of ICPs, focusing on the tissue-specific and microenvironment-localized transcriptomic and posttranslational regulation of ICP expressions, as well as their functional interactions with metabolic reprogramming. We also analyze how 14 pairs of ICPs, including CTLA-4/CD86-CD80, PD1-PDL-1, and TIGIT-CD155, regulate CVD pathogenesis. Additionally, the review covers the roles of ICPs in modulating CD4Foxp3 regulatory T cells (Tregs), T cells, and innate immune cells in various CVDs and cerebrovascular diseases. Furthermore, we outline seven immunological principles to guide the development of new ICP-based therapies for CVDs. This timely and thorough analysis of recent advancements and challenges provide new insights into the role of ICPs in CVDs, cerebrovascular diseases and Tregs, and will support the development of novel therapeutics strategies for these diseases.
MeSH
Cells, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Cardiovascular Diseases, Vascular Diseases, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Therapeutics, Immunosuppression Therapy, T-Lymphocytes