Journal Article Review Epublish
PubMed: 39940640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26030868
Lymphocyte Subset Imbalance in Cardiometabolic Diseases: Are T Cells the Missing Link?
Int J Mol Sci 26(3)
Authors: Francesca Picone, Valentina Giudice, Concetta Iside, Eleonora Venturini, Paola Di Pietro, Carmine Vecchione, Carmine Selleri, Albino Carrizzo
Affiliations
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy.
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", 84131 Salerno, Italy.
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy.
Abstract
Cardiometabolic and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death worldwide, with well-established risk factors such as smoking, obesity, and diabetes contributing to plaque formation and chronic inflammation. However, emerging evidence suggests that the immune system plays a more significant role in the development and progression of CVD than previously thought. Specifically, the finely tuned regulation of lymphocyte subsets governs post-injury inflammation and tissue damage resolution and orchestrates the functions and activation of endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, and fibroblasts in CVD-associated lesions (e.g., atherosclerotic plaques). A deeper understanding of the immune system's involvement in CVD development and progression will provide new insights into disease biology and uncover novel therapeutic targets aimed at re-establishing immune homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on the distribution and involvement of lymphocyte subsets in CVD, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and stroke.
MeSH
Diabetes Mellitus, Cells, Lymphocytes, Immunophenotyping, Cardiovascular Diseases, Immune System, Lymphocyte Subsets