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Publications

Journal Article Epublish

PubMed: 39940859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26031091

Serum KL-6 and SP-D: Markers of Lung Function in Autoimmune-Related Interstitial Lung Diseases.

Int J Mol Sci 26(3)

Authors: Ewa Miądlikowska, Joanna Miłkowska-Dymanowska, Adam Jerzy Białas, Joanna Samanta Makowska, Anna Lewandowska-Polak, Anna Puła, Anna Kumor-Kisielewska, Wojciech Jerzy Piotrowski

Affiliations

  • Department of Pneumology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland.
  • Department of Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Regional Medical Center for Lung Diseases and Rehabilitation, Blessed Rafal Chylinski Memorial Hospital for Lung Diseases, 91-520 Lodz, Poland.
  • Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
  • Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-510 Lodz, Poland.
  • Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC 2115, Chicago, IL 60637-1470, USA.

Abstract

This study evaluates the usefulness of serum KL-6, SP-D and TGF-β1 levels in assessing lung impairment and predicting interstitial lung disease (ILD) short-term progression in patients with interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF). A total of 24 patients with IPAF, 21 with connective tissue disease-associated ILD (CTD-ILD) and 23 with CTD without ILD were followed for 1 year. Serum levels of KL-6, SP-D and TGF-β1 were measured and their associations with disease severity and progression were analysed. KL-6, SP-D and TGF-β1 levels were significantly higher in IPAF and CTD-ILD patients compared to CTD without ILD ( < 0.0001, = 0.0005 and = 0.0001, respectively). KL-6 (r = 0.45, = 0.002) and SP-D (r = 0.35, = 0.02) levels correlated with lung involvement in HRCT in the ILD group. In IPAF, KL-6 levels correlated with pulmonary function tests (FVC%, TLCO%, and 6MWD) and SpO2, while SP-D correlated with 6MWD and SpO2. In CTD-ILD, KL-6 and SP-D levels were positively correlated with BAL cell count (KL-6: r = 0.58, = 0.04; SP-D: r = 0.63, and = 0.02). KL-6 also showed a negative correlation with the time since symptom onset (r = -0.51, = 0.02). No significant associations were found between the baseline biomarker levels and ILD progression risk. KL-6 and SP-D may serve as potential biomarkers for assessing lung impairment in IPAF, though their predictive value for short-term prognosis remains uncertain.

MeSH

Lung, Serum, Connective Tissue Diseases, Biomarkers, Lung Diseases, Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D, Lung Diseases, Interstitial

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