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Journal Article Epublish 7 citations

PubMed: 40005225 DOI: 10.3390/molecules30040913

Polyphenolic Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Cytotoxic Effect of Male Floral Buds from Three Species Growing in the South of Romania.

Molecules 30(4)

Authors: Mona Luciana Gălăţanu, Mariana Panţuroiu, Luiza Mădălina Cima, Ana Maria Neculai, Emilia Pănuş, Coralia Bleotu, Cristian Mihai Enescu, Ion Mircioiu, Roxana Măriuca Gavriloaia, Sorina Nicoleta Aurică, Mirela Claudia Rîmbu, Roxana Colette Sandulovici

Affiliations

  • Faculty of Pharmacy, Titu Maiorescu University, Sincai Boulevard, No. 16, 040314 Bucharest, Romania.
  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, Universitatii Street, No. 1, 900470 Constanta, Romania.
  • Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Public Health Constanta, 900587 Constanța, Romania.
  • Cellular and Molecular Pathology Department, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania.
  • The Research Institute, University of Bucharest, 030018 Bucharest, Romania.
  • Department of Life, Medical and Agricultural Sciences, Biological Sciences Section, Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050044 Bucharest, Romania.
  • Department of Soil Sciences, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Mărăști Boulevard, 011464 Bucharest, Romania.

Abstract

Three poplar species widely distributed in southern Romania were investigated for their chemical composition and bioactivity. Male buds from black poplar ( L.), white poplar ( L.), and Euroamerican hybrid poplar ( × (Dode) Guinier.) were analyzed using HPTLC, HPLC, GC-MS, and spectrophotometric assays. The analysis revealed predominantly polyphenolic compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids, secondary metabolites recognized for their antioxidant properties, particularly valuable in alleviating oxidative stress disorders. Heavy metal content was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy, and antioxidant capacity was assessed through DPPH and FRAP assays alongside a cytotoxicity evaluation. Polyphenolic content ranged from 19.26 to 33.37 mg GAE/g DW and flavonoid content from 2.15 to 4.45 mg RE/g DW. All three species demonstrated notable antioxidant capacity and cytotoxic activity. Hydroethanolic extracts of and showed higher antioxidant activity than aqueous extracts, with achieving the lowest IC value overall, highlighting the influence of solvent choice on antioxidant efficacy. Furthermore, poplar hydroethanolic extracts exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against fibroblast-like human osteosarcoma MG63 cell lines, with IC values of 42.55 µg/mL for , 40.87 µg/mL for × , and 132.49 µg/mL for , underscoring significant interspecies variability in cytotoxic potency. These findings suggest that male floral buds from Romanian poplar species may serve as valuable sources of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential.

MeSH

Antioxidants, Flavonoids, Polyphenols