Journal Article Review Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Epublish 1 citation
PubMed: 40136716 DOI: 10.3390/cells14060467
Sexual Dimorphism in Cardiometabolic Diseases: From Development to Senescence and Therapeutic Approaches.
Cells 14(6)
Authors: Thea Chevalley, Marion Dübi, Laurent Fumeaux, Maria Serena Merli, Alexandre Sarre, Natacha Schaer, Umberto Simeoni, Catherine Yzydorczyk
Affiliations
- Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) Laboratory, Division of Pediatrics, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Abstract
The global incidence and prevalence of cardiometabolic disorders have risen significantly in recent years. Although lifestyle choices in adulthood play a crucial role in the development of these conditions, it is well established that events occurring early in life can have an important effect. Recent research on cardiometabolic diseases has highlighted the influence of sexual dimorphism on risk factors, underlying mechanisms, and response to therapies. In this narrative review, we summarize the current understanding of sexual dimorphism in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in the general population and within the framework of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept. We explore key risk factors and mechanisms, including the influence of genetic and epigenetic factors, placental and embryonic development, maternal nutrition, sex hormones, energy metabolism, microbiota, oxidative stress, cell death, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, circadian rhythm, and lifestyle factors. Finally, we discuss some of the main therapeutic approaches, responses to which may be influenced by sexual dimorphism, such as antihypertensive and cardiovascular treatments, oxidative stress management, nutrition, cell therapies, and hormone replacement therapy.
MeSH
Cells, Life Style, Metabolic Diseases, Stress, Physiological, Cardiovascular Diseases, Oxidative Stress, Hormones, Sex Characteristics, Sex, Risk Factors, Therapeutics, Sex Differences