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Journal Article Review Epublish 2 citations

PubMed: 40137353 DOI: 10.3390/jfb16030074

Exploring Mechanical Features of 3D Head and Neck Cancer Models.

J Funct Biomater 16(3)

Authors: Aleksandra Evangelista, Franca Scocozza, Michele Conti, Ferdinando Auricchio, Bice Conti, Rossella Dorati, Ida Genta, Marco Benazzo, Silvia Pisani

Affiliations

  • Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Via Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
  • Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
  • 3D and Computer Simulation Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Edmondo Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milano, Italy.
  • Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.

Abstract

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) presents significant challenges in oncology due to its complex biology and poor prognosis. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models cannot replicate the intricate tumor microenvironment, limiting their usefulness in studying disease mechanisms and testing therapies. In contrast, three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models provide more realistic platforms that better mimic the architecture, mechanical features, and cellular interactions of HNSCC. This review explores the mechanical properties of 3D in vitro models developed for HNSCC research. It highlights key 3D culture techniques, such as spheroids, organoids, and bioprinted tissues, emphasizing their ability to simulate critical tumor characteristics like hypoxia, drug resistance, and metastasis. Particular attention is given to stiffness, elasticity, and dynamic behavior, highlighting how these models emulate native tumor tissues. By enhancing the physiological relevance of in vitro studies, 3D models offer significant potential to revolutionize HNSCC research and facilitate the development of effective, personalized therapeutic strategies. This review bridges the gap between preclinical and clinical applications by summarizing the mechanical properties of 3D models and providing guidance for developing systems that replicate both biological and mechanical characteristics of tumor tissues, advancing innovation in cancer research and therapy.

MeSH

Cells, Neoplasms, Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of Head And Neck, Research, Head And Neck Neoplasms, Therapeutics, Tissues

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