Journal Article Review Epublish
PubMed: 40217756 DOI: 10.3390/jcm14072306
Urinary and Plasma miRNAs in the Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury and Their Possible Role as Therapeutic Targets.
J Clin Med 14(7)
Authors: Anna Clementi, Grazia Maria Virzì, Claudio Ronco, Paola Monciino, Monica Zanella
Affiliations
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Santa Marta and Santa Venera Hospital, 95024 Acireale, Italy.
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, St Bortolo Hospital, 36100 Vicenza, Italy.
- IRRIV-International Renal Resarch Institute Vicenza, 36100 Vicenza, Italy.
Abstract
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a severe clinical condition featured by a rapid decrease in kidney function in a short period of time. AKI, which is often secondary to sepsis, ischemia-reperfusion and drug toxicity, is associated to high morbidity and mortality. Moreover, it contributes to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), due to maladaptive or incomplete repair mechanisms, resulting in renal fibrosis. Small non-coding RNA has recently emerged as a novel biomarker for the early detection and treatment of AKI. In particular, microRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules of 21-25 nucleotides regulating the expression of protein-coding genes through sequence-specific recognition. Due to their high stability in biological fluids, such as urine and plasma, they can be reliably analyzed and quantified, and for this reason they can be considered potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. Specifically, miRNAs have been demonstrated to predict AKI before the increase in creatinine levels, thus improving the management of this syndrome. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the role of urinary and plasma miRNAs in the early detection and treatment of AKI.
MeSH
Extracellular Vesicles, Micrornas, Kidney, Biomarkers, Therapeutics, Acute Kidney Injury, Plasma