System Maintenance Notice

Please note that maintenance work is scheduled between 4 AM and 5 AM - CET. During this time, you may experience reduced performance. Thanks for your patience.

Publications

Journal Article Review Ppublish

PubMed: 40252164 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-025-03185-9

Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Vascular Disease: Pathogenesis, Complications, and Evolving Treatments.

Adv Ther 42(6):2659-2678

Authors: Kazi Islam, Rahib Islam, Ivan Nguyen, Hassan Malik, Humza Pirzadah, Barsha Shrestha, Isabella B Lentz, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D Kaye

Affiliations

  • Central State University, 1400 Brush Row Road, Wilberforce, OH, 45384, USA.
  • LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans School of Medicine, 1901 Gravier Street, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
  • Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.
  • Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.
  • Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neurosciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder, characterized by elevated blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) and insulin dysregulation. This disease is associated with morbidity and mortality, including significant potential vascular complications. High levels of hyperglycemia lead to not only elevated levels of reactive oxygen species but also advanced glycation end products, which are detrimental to the vascular endothelium and reduce protective compounds such as nitric oxide and prostacyclin. This damage contributes to the development of both macrovascular and microvascular complications. The present investigation explores the pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetic vascular complications and evaluates current management strategies, including lifestyle modifications, pharmacological treatments, and emerging therapies. The review underscores the importance of ongoing progress in diabetes management and patient education to lead to optimal patient-health outcomes and quality of life for individuals with diabetes mellitus.

MeSH

Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperglycemia, Drug Therapy, Vascular Diseases, Diagnosis, Therapeutics

Cited by