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Publications

Journal Article Epublish

PubMed: 40266221 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines13030323

Cost-Effectiveness of Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccine Compared with Standard and High-Dose Influenza Vaccines for Persons Aged ≥50 Years in Spain.

Vaccines (Basel) 13(3)

Authors: Alberto Perez-Rubio, Roberto Flores, Jesus Ruiz Aragon, Javier Sanchez, Sergio Marquez-Peláez, Piedad Alvarez, Andres Osorio Muriel, Joaquin Mould-Quevedo

Affiliations

  • Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain.
  • Medical Scientific Liaison, CSL Seqirus, 08027 Barcelona, Spain.
  • Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cádiz, Spain.
  • Modeling and Simulation, Evidera, Torre Nozar, Titan, 15, 28045 Madrid, Spain.
  • Department of Economics, Economic Analysis, Faculty of Business Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Seville, Spain.
  • Evidence, Modeling, and Synthesis, Evidera, 500 Totten Pond Road, Waltham, MA 02451, USA.
  • Modeling and Simulation, Evidera, Bogota CO Calle 90, Bogota 110221, Colombia.
  • Global Health Economics, CSL Seqirus, Summit, NJ 07901, USA.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of chronic conditions that increase the risk of influenza complications is high among individuals aged ≥50 years, and evidence suggests age-related changes in immune responses to vaccines begin to decline at this age. Persons aged 50-59 years have high rates of influenza infections and are also the most likely age group to be employed. Thus, the burden of influenza is high in this age group.

METHODS

We investigated the cost-effectiveness of vaccination with an adjuvanted quadrivalent influenza vaccine (aQIV) in a Spanish population aged ≥50 years at high risk of influenza complications. Using a static decision-tree model specifically designed to analyze Spanish data, we calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) for aQIV vs. egg-based QIV (QIVe; indicated for any age) and aQIV vs. high-dose QIV (HD-QIV; indicated for persons aged ≥60 years) from payer and societal perspectives. We compared ICERs against a willingness-to-pay threshold of EUR 25,000 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. The impact of input uncertainty on ICER was evaluated through a probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) and a one-way deterministic sensitivity analysis (DSA).

RESULTS

The total incremental cost of vaccination with aQIV was EUR -86,591,967.67, which was associated with gains of 241.02 in QALY (EUR -359,268.05 per QALY gained) and 318.04 in life years (EUR -272,271.37 per life year gain). Compared with the willingness-to-pay threshold of EUR 25,000 per QALY gained, aQIV was the most cost-effective influenza vaccine relative to the combination of QIVe or HD-QIV. These findings were supported by PSA and DSA analyses.

CONCLUSIONS

In the model, aQIV dominated QIVe and HD-QIV, demonstrating that aQIV use would be cost-saving for persons aged ≥50 years who are at high risk of influenza complications.

MeSH

Vaccines, Vaccination, Aged, Influenza, Human, Influenza Vaccines, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Cost Of Illness