Journal Article Epublish
PubMed: 40298576 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics14040415
In Vitro Evaluation of the Antibacterial Effect and Influence on the Bacterial Biofilm Formation of Glutamic Acid and Some Structural Analogues.
Antibiotics (Basel) 14(4)
Authors: Octavia-Laura Oancea, Cristina Nicoleta Ciurea, Anca Delia Mare, Adrian Man, Ruxandra Stefanescu, Aura Rusu
Affiliations
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania.
- Microbiology Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania.
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania.
- Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania.
Abstract
: Glutamic acid (GLA) is an essential amino acid with a key role in human metabolism. A potential involvement in anticancer therapy and possible antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects were also observed. Glutamine (GLN) and monosodium glutamate (MSG) are GLA structural derivatives for which the last two effects were evaluated, with contradictory results. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity and the influence on the biofilm formation of GLA, GLN, MSG, and glutamic acid diethyl ester (GLADE) on clinically relevant bacteria. : Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial reference strains were used to test the antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of GLA, GLN, MSG, and GLADE. The antibacterial properties were assessed by detecting the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The influence on biofilm formation was assessed by the crystal violet method, reading the optical densities (ODs) by spectrophotometry. : GLN did not demonstrate an inhibitory capacity at the maximum tested concentration (2.86 mg/mL); GLA showed inhibitory activity at 1.76 mg/mL and 0.88 mg/mL; MSG inhibited the growth of all bacterial strains at 112 mg/mL; GLADE had the most promising results on all bacterial strains (MICs of 12.75 mg/mL and 25.5 mg/mL). GLADE showed satisfactory MBC values on all bacterial strains (at 51 mg/mL and 25.5 mg/mL). : GLA and some structural analogues are attractive options for possible antibacterial activity; optimizing GLADE to increase its antibacterial activity could be a new approach.
MeSH
Sodium Glutamate, Amino Acids, Biofilms, Glutamic Acid, Bacteria, Glutamine