Journal Article Review Epublish
PubMed: 40363966 DOI: 10.3390/jcm14092934
Iron Deficiency Treatment in Heart Failure-Challenges and Therapeutic Solutions.
J Clin Med 14(9)
Authors: Lucreția Anghel, Ciprian Dinu, Diana Patraș, Anamaria Ciubară, Iulia Chiscop
Affiliations
- Saint Apostle Andrew Emergency County Clinical Hospital, 177 Brailei St. 800578 Galati, Romania.
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunărea de Jos" University, 35 AI Cuza St. 800010 Galati, Romania.
- Dentistry Department, Medicine & Pharmacy Faculty, Dunarea de Jos University, 47 Domneasca Str. 800008 Galati, Romania.
- Saint Apostle Andrew Emergency County Clinical Hospital, 177 Brailei St. 800578 Galati, Romania. Doctoral School Biomedicine Science, University Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania.
- Clinical Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunărea de Jos" University, 800008 Galati, Romania.
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) is a common comorbidity in heart failure (HF), affecting nearly 50% of patients and worsening symptoms, exercise capacity, and prognosis. This review summarizes recent evidence from meta-analyses, clinical trials, and guidelines on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of ID in HF. ID in HF results from chronic inflammation, intestinal congestion, and impaired iron metabolism. Diagnosis is based on serum ferritin and transferrin saturation (TSAT) levels. While oral iron therapy has limited efficacy, intravenous iron, particularly ferric carboxymaltose and ferric derisomaltose, improves symptoms and exercise tolerance and reduces hospitalizations. Timely diagnosis and treatment of ID in HF are essential. Intravenous iron is the preferred therapeutic approach, but further research is needed to optimize long-term management.
MeSH
Exercise, Heart Failure, Heart, Solutions, Signs And Symptoms, Diagnosis, Therapeutics, Iron Deficiencies