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Publications

Journal Article Ppublish 3 citations

PubMed: 40367897 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2025.103845

Hematological ratios and cytokine profiles in heterozygous beta-thalassemia.

Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 47(3):103845

Authors: Ana Carolina Marques Ciceri, Laura Eduarda de Oliveira, Ana Luísa Richter, José Antonio Mainardi de Carvalho, Maylla Rodrigues Lucena, Guilherme Wataru Gomes, Maria Stella Figueiredo, Magnun Nueldo Nunes Dos Santos, Vera Lúcia Nascimento Blaia-D'Avila, Rodolfo Delfini Cançado, Elvira Maria Guerra-Shinohara, Clóvis Paniz

Affiliations

  • Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Laboratório de Pesquisas em Análises Clínicas Aplicadas - LAPACA, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
  • Universidade Ceuma - Campus Imperatriz, Imperatriz, MA, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Disciplina de Hematologia e Hemoterapia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
  • Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Patologia, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
  • Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Disciplina de Hematologia e Hemoterapia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
  • Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Patologia Clínica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
  • Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Divisão de Hematologia, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
  • Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, Departmento de Hematologia e Oncologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
  • Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Laboratório de Pesquisas em Análises Clínicas Aplicadas - LAPACA, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

β-Thalassemia is defined by a reduced or complete absence of β-globin chain synthesis in hemoglobin, leading to hemolytic anemia. Heterozygous β-thalassemia, also known as β-thalassemia trait (hBTh), the mildest form of this anemia, typically does not cause symptoms in carriers. However, it may lead to changes in the immune system, including an increase in total leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate various immune and inflammation markers, including neutrophil/lymphocyte, derived neutrophil/lymphocyte, lymphocyte/monocyte, platelet/lymphocyte, neutrophil/platelet ratios, systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index, neutrophil/natural killer cell ratio (NNKR), and inflammatory cytokines in β-thalassemia trait carriers.

METHOD

A retrospective observational study was conducted, including 50 β-thalassemia trait individuals and 100 healthy controls.

RESULTS

Leukocyte, neutrophil and reticulocyte counts, and interleukin 6 levels were higher in carriers compared to controls. Notably, the β-thalassemia trait group had increased neutrophil/platelet, neutrophil/lymphocyte and derived neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios, and the systemic immune-inflammation and systemic inflammation response indexes were higher compared to the controls.

CONCLUSIONS

β-thalassemia trait shows a more pronounced inflammatory profile as indicated by hematological ratios. These ratios, therefore are potentially cost-effective and easily applicable markers for monitoring patients with the β-thalassemia trait.

MeSH

Cytokines, Beta-Thalassemia, Lymphocytes, Anemia, Neutrophils, Thalassemia, Globins, Blood Platelets