Journal Article Epublish
PubMed: 40370420 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.70290
Antihyperglycemic and Antioxidative Stress Effects of Erythrophleum africanum (Fabaceae) Trunk Bark Powder Fractions on High-Calorie Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Rats.
Food Sci Nutr 13(5):e70290
Authors: Mathieu Sini, Faustin Dongmo, Clemence Mvongo, Michel Archange Fokam Tagne, Pierre Jidibe, Angèle Foyet Fondjo, Paul Aimé Noubissi, René Kamgang
Affiliations
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon.
- Department of Life Sciences Higher Teacher Training College, University of Bertoua Bertoua Cameroon.
- Department of Applied Sciences for Health Higher Institute of Applied Sciences, University Institute of Gulf of Guinea Douala Cameroon.
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon.
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Radioisotopes Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM) Yaounde Cameroon.
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a persistent and chronic metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antioxidative stress effects of Erythrophyllum africanum trunk bark powder fractions in diabetes-induced rats. 30 male rats subdivided into 6 groups of five rats each received daily a sweetened hypercaloric diet supplemented with sucrose (4 g/kg bw), except for the normal control, which received a normal diet. Normal and diabetic controls subsequently received distilled water (10 mL/kg bw per os), the positive control received metformin (20 mg/kg bw per os) and the test rats received powder fractions (≤ 50 μm ≤ 50-120 μm) or unsieved powder of E. africanum (300 mg/kg bw per os) for 7 weeks. Dexamethasone (0.2 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally once a week from the third week, except for the normal control, which received saline. Fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, and biochemical parameters of oxidative stress were assessed during and at the end of treatment. Blood glucose levels of the animals at the 7th week were 0.92 ± 0.03, 1.52 ± 0.08, 0.78 ± 0.04, 0.77 ± 0.03, 1.13 ± 0.03, and 0.40 ± 0.01 g/L in the normal control, diabetic control, metformin-treated animals, ≤ 50 μm fraction, 50-120 μm fraction, and unsieved powder, respectively. Powder fraction ≤ 50 μm significantly improved (p < 0.01) the lipid profile (decrease in triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels, an increase in HDL cholesterol levels) by reducing the atherogenic index. E. africanum has antihyperglycemic and antioxidative stress effects and would be less toxic to the liver and kidneys. The fine powder (≤ 50 μm) of E. africanum could be used as a food additive to prevent the occurrence of diabetes in vulnerable patients.
MeSH
Diabetes Mellitus, Blood Glucose, Blood, Powders, Stress, Physiological, Oxidative Stress, Diet, Cholesterol, Hypoglycemic Agents, Metformin, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2