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Publications

Journal Article Epublish

PubMed: 40599698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2025.100573

Antecedent sedative use is independently associated with stroke occurrence among west Africans: Evidence from the SIREN case-control study.

eNeurologicalSci 40:100573

Authors: Ezinne O Uvere, Joshua Akinyemi, Fred S Sarfo, Adekunle Fakunle, Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle, Onoja Akpa, Albert Akpalu, Kolawole Wahab, Reginald Obiako, Morenikeji Komolafe, Lukman Owolabi, Godwin O Osaigbovo, Godwin Ogbole, Hemant K Tiwari, Carolyn Jenkins, Samuel Olowookere, Oyedunni Arulogun, Josephine Akpalu, Osahon J Asowata, Philip Ibinaiye, Cynthia Akisanya, Olalekan I Oyinloye, Lambert Appiah, Atinuke M Agunloye, Abiodun M Adeoye, Joseph Yaria, Daniel T Lackland, Donna Arnett, Ruth Y Laryea, Benedict Calys-Tagoe, Okechukwu S Ogah, Mayowa Ogunronbi, Suleiman Y Isah, Hamisu A Dambatta, Raelle Tagge, Olayemi Balogun, Obiageli U Agbogu-Ike, Rufus Akinyemi, Bruce Ovbiagele, Mayowa Owolabi

Affiliations

  • Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
  • Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
  • Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
  • Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
  • Department of Public Health, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria.
  • Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.
  • Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria.
  • Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
  • Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Department of Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
  • Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos, Nigeria.
  • Department of Radiology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
  • University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
  • Medical University of South Carolina, USA.
  • Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
  • Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
  • College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, KY, USA.
  • Weill Institute for Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, USA.
  • Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
  • Blossom Specialist Medical Center, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Abstract

Background

Several factors have been independently associated with stroke occurrence globally. However, the association between sedative use and stroke risk is yet to be established in West Africa.

Objective

To assess the association between sedatives and stroke among West Africans.

Methods

Adults aged ≥18 years with confirmed stroke as well as age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled into the Stroke Investigative Research and Education Network (SIREN) study. Sedative use was determined by retrospective assessment on the use of any type of sedative in the preceding year while stroke was confirmed with brain scan and clinical features. Univariate and multivariate analyses, using logistic regressions, were performed to establish associations between sedative use and stroke while adjusting for other stroke risk factors.

Results

A total of 7104 subjects (3553 stroke cases and 3551 stroke-free controls participated in this study. The mean age was 60.9 ± 0.78 among cases and 59.8 ± 11.44 years among controls (p < 0.029). History of sedative use was more common in cases (7.7 %) compared to controls (4.3 %; p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, income >100, history of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, tobacco & alcohol use, physical inactivity, green leafy vegetable and meat consumption, sedative use was independently associated with stroke risk (aOR: 1.41; 95 %CI: 1.01-1.96; p < 0.041). Sedative use was associated with higher odds of stroke among adults aged ≥50 years (aOR: 1.53; 95 %CI: 1.28-2.04; p < 0.019).

Conclusion

Sedative use was independently associated with stroke risk among adults in West Africa. Its use requires further exploration and prospective study to address the emerging association with stroke occurrence.

MeSH

Stroke, Case-Control Studies, Aged