Journal Article Ppublish
PubMed: 40678053 DOI: 10.3390/covid5020020
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Young U.S. Children: A Socioeconomic Analysis.
COVID 5(2)
Authors: Tawny Saleh, Mina Shirazi, Mary C Cambou, Karin Nielsen-Saines
Affiliations
- Department of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, North Kargar Street, Tehran 1439957131, Iran.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare delivery across the United States (U.S.), including childhood vaccine administration. This study analyzed data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a nationally representative survey of the U.S. population, assessing trends and predictors of influenza vaccination uptake among children ≤ 5 years before and amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Influenza vaccination coverage declined significantly, from 56% in 2019 to 46% in 2022 (p < 0.001). Age-specific declines were notable, with rates dropping among one-year-olds from 68% to 53%, two-year-olds from 63% to 49%, and infants from 31% to 24% (p < 0.001). Logistic regression revealed African American children had lower odds of vaccination compared to non-Hispanic White children (OR = 0.70, p < 0.001), while Asian children had higher odds (OR = 1.32, p = 0.018). Uninsured children were less likely to be vaccinated than insured children (OR = 0.71, p = 0.022). Regional analysis showed the Northeast had the highest vaccination rates (60% in 2019, 56% in 2022), while the South had the lowest (52% in 2019, 41% in 2022). These findings underscore the need for targeted strategies to address socioeconomic disparities and improve influenza vaccine uptake in young children in the U.S.
MeSH
Vaccines, Vaccination, Covid-19, Influenza, Human, Pandemics, Vaccination Coverage, Child