Journal Article Review Epublish
PubMed: 40725634 DOI: 10.3390/jcm14144941
Prevalence of Healthcare-Associated Infections in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Literature Review.
J Clin Med 14(14)
Authors: Daniela-Mirela Vîrtosu, Angela Munteanu Dragomir, Simina Crișan, Silvia Luca, Oana Pătru, Ruxandra-Maria Băghină, Mihai-Andrei Lazăr, Alina-Ramona Cozlac, Stela Iurciuc, Constantin-Tudor Luca
Affiliations
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania. Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 13A Gheorghe Adam Street, 300310 Timisoara, Romania. Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 13A Gheorghe Adam Street, 300310 Timisoara, Romania.
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 13A Gheorghe Adam Street, 300310 Timisoara, Romania.
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 13A Gheorghe Adam Street, 300310 Timisoara, Romania.
- Cardiology Department, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq. 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Abstract
This review aims to summarize the global prevalence of healthcare-associated infections in patients with acute heart failure who have been admitted to coronary care units, highlighting the underrepresented burden of infection in this high-risk population. Coronary care units (CCUs) play a pivotal role in the care of patients experiencing acute or decompensated heart failure, offering a highly monitored environment with immediate access to advanced cardiac interventions. The management of heart failure in CCUs involves a multidisciplinary approach that includes hemodynamic monitoring, pharmacologic therapy, respiratory support, and, in selected cases, mechanical circulatory assistance. The early identification of deterioration, rapid therapeutic escalation, and close monitoring of cardiac function are hallmarks of CCU care. However, the complexity and severity of illness in this population are compounded by a high risk of infections, including hospital-acquired pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and device-related infections. These infections not only increase morbidity and prolong hospitalization but also significantly impact mortality and healthcare costs. The immunocompromised state of many heart failure patients-due to poor perfusion, malnutrition, and the use of invasive devices-further elevates their vulnerability. Effective infection prevention, early diagnosis, and targeted antimicrobial therapy are, therefore, critical components of heart failure management within CCUs. This intersection of advanced cardiac care and infection control highlights the need for integrated, multidisciplinary strategies to improve outcomes in this high-risk population.
MeSH
Heart Failure, Heart, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cross Infection, Prevalence, Coronary Care Units, Therapeutics, Infections