Journal Article Review Epublish
PubMed: 40787446 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1614879
Short-chain fatty acids: key antiviral mediators of gut microbiota.
Front Immunol 16:1614879
Authors: Zhiqiang Xu, Tao Wang, Yanjin Wang, Yongfeng Li, Yuan Sun, Hua-Ji Qiu
Affiliations
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.
Abstract
The effects of gut microbiota on antiviral immunity have been well-documented in recent years, whereas a mechanistic understanding of microbiota-derived metabolite-related signaling pathways is still lacking. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), key metabolites produced by gut bacterial microbiota via dietary fiber fermentation and amino acid metabolism, have been shown to facilitate host antiviral responses. In this review, we summarized the detailed mechanisms which could contribute to the regulation of antiviral immunity engaged and initiated by SCFAs, involving G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated, histone deacetylase (HDAC)-mediated, and metabolic pathways. We also discuss the implications of SCFAs for viral disease management and pandemic preparedness. This review provides novel insights into the antiviral activities of SCFAs and highlights the therapeutic potential of SCFA-producing bacteria.
MeSH
Histone Deacetylases, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Histone Acetyltransferases, Immune System Diseases, Immunity, Bacteria, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Antiviral Agents, Microbiota, Fatty Acids