Journal Article Ppublish
PubMed: 40814454 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_5_25
Effect of COVID-19 on hematological parameters and subsequent risk of anemia and bleeding in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.
J Family Med Prim Care 14(7):2974-2979
Authors: Abdulazez N Alqhtani, Shemah S AlHwiti, Hind M AlAtwi, Aeshah H AlBuhayri, Abdulrazaq S AlMasoudi, Saad F AlShamari, Hind M Alaidi, Abdullah M S Alshehri, Nouf A Alanazi, Ahmed Aljabri, Mohannad Alshibani, Mohammed M H Al-Gayyar
Affiliations
- PharmD Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
- Director of Training and Academic Affairs, King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
- Director of Outpatient Department, King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
- Patient Experience Director, King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract
Background
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has resulted in a significant number of infections, particularly among individuals with type 2 diabetes, who are at an increased risk. Our goal was to examine how COVID-19 has affected hematological parameters and coagulation markers in elderly patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
The study conducted at tertiary-care hospitals in Tabuk focused on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were also infected with COVID-19. The research included patients aged 45 and older, all of whom had at least 6 months of a type 2 diabetes diagnosis. Patients were excluded from the study if they had active malignancies, recent changes in their antidiabetic medications, severe infections or surgeries, or decompensated liver disease or heart failure.
Results
The study included 65 patients. During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with type 2 diabetes exhibited a notable decrease in red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value, and platelet count, accompanied by a significant increase in red cell distribution width, mean platelet volume, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time. Following the complete recovery of patients from COVID-19, all hematological parameters reverted to their pre-COVID-19 infection levels.
Conclusion
Patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19 may experience hematological dysregulation, characterized by decreased red blood cell counts, hemoglobin levels, and hematocrit values, predisposing them to anemia. Additionally, they are at an increased risk of bleeding due to reduced platelet count, prolonged prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time. The results are not affected by gender.
MeSH
Diabetes Mellitus, Hematocrit, Cells, Hemoglobins, Platelet Count, Partial Thromboplastin Time, Hemorrhage, Erythrocytes, Blood, Anemia, Erythrocyte Count, Aged, Covid-19, Cell Count, Blood Cells, Blood Platelets, Prothrombin Time, Thromboplastin, Prothrombin, Infections, Blood Cell Count, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2