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Publications

Journal Article Review Epublish

PubMed: 42562996 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-026-05324-2

Functional roles and clinical implications of pseudogenes signatures as emerging biomarkers in cancer.

Discov Oncol 17(1)

Authors: Mohamed Bakr Zaki, Nadia M Hamdy, Mai A Abd-Elmawla, Nehal I Rizk, Doaa Fathi, Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud, Rehab A Ismail, Ahmed S Doghish, Ahmed I Abulsoud

Affiliations

  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Menoufia, Egypt.
  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia National University, km Cairo-Alexandria Agricultural Road, Menofia, Egypt.
  • Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo, 11786, Egypt.
  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.
  • Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, 11785, Egypt.
  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt.
  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11231, Egypt.
  • Integrative Health Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, 11785, Egypt.

Abstract

Pseudogenes' possible functions in gene control and illness have now come to light. However, it has been recognized that numerous pseudogenes play a critical role in the regulation of their respective parent genes, and it is well-established that pseudogenes influence oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Moreover, pseudogenes are being emphasized for their possible use as diagnostic cancer and prognostic biomarkers. Defining, contextualizing, classifying, and discussing the evolutionary relevance of pseudogenes are all aspects of their complex nature that this article explores. An examination of the clustering and co-expression patterns of pseudogenes, as well as the potential regulatory tasks they may perform, is undertaken. This review seeks to investigate the implications of pseudogenes in various cancer types. Pseudogenes' evolution, biogenesis, and classifications, with in silico analysis, will be reported comprehensively. Additionally, the current review will enumerate the potential of pseudogenes as diagnostic biomarkers and their prognostic significance (good vs. bad) in different cancers. The review elucidated their various functions in cancer and concluded the need for further research to fully understand the roles of pseudogenes in health and disease.

MeSH

Genes, Neoplasms, Biomarkers, Pseudogenes