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Publications

Journal Article Ahead of print

PubMed: 42817160 DOI: 10.1111/odi.70518

Validation of the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Rating Scales in Oral Lichen Planus: A Multicenter Study by the Italian Society of Oral Pathology and Medicine.

Oral Dis

Authors: Daniela Adamo, Gennaro Musella, Federica Canfora, Elena Calabria, Simone Liguori, Carlo Lajolo, Gioele Gioco, Giulia Ottaviani, Katia Rupel, Matteo Biasotto, Margherita Gobbo, Maddalena Manfredi, Paolo Vescovi, Amerigo Giudice, Cristina D'Antonio, Paolo Arduino, Alessio Gambino, Monica Pentenero, Olga Anna Furchì, Davide Bartolomeo Gissi, Andrea Gabusi, Lorenzo Azzi, Angelo Tagliabue, Gianluca Tenore, Andrea Santarelli, Andrea Sardella, Elena M Varoni, Giovanni Lodi, Giuseppina Campisi, Vera Panzarella, Michele Giuliani, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Massimo Aria, Luca D'Aniello, Michele Davide Mignogna, Umberto Romeo

Affiliations

  • Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
  • Department of Life Science, Health, and Health Professions, Link Campus University, Rome, Italy.
  • Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
  • Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
  • Head and Neck Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, School of Dentistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
  • Department of Surgical, Medical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
  • Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ca' Foncello Hospital, Treviso, Italy.
  • Department of Medicine and Surgery, Oral Medicine and Laser Surgery Unit, University Center of Dentistry, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
  • Oral Medicine Section, Department of Surgical Science, CIR Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
  • Department of Oncology, Oral Medicine and Oral Oncology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
  • Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Section of Oral Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
  • Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
  • Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
  • Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
  • Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy.
  • Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
  • Department of Surgical, Oncological, and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
  • Department of Precision Medicine in Medical Surgical and Critical Care (Me.Pre.C.C.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
  • Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To assess the psychometric performance of the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) according to clinical phenotype.

METHODS

This multicenter SIPMO case-control study included 395 participants: 132 patients with keratotic OLP (K-OLP), 131 with non-keratotic OLP (NK-OLP), and 132 healthy controls (HCs). Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach's alpha and item discrimination with item-total correlations. HAM-A and HAM-D scores were compared between OLP patients and HCs; phenotype-specific hierarchical regressions identified variables associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms.

RESULTS

HAM-A and HAM-D showed satisfactory internal consistency in K-OLP and NK-OLP patients (HAM-A α = 0.877 and 0.858; HAM-D α = 0.768 and 0.766, respectively). Patients with OLP had significantly higher HAM-A and HAM-D scores than age- and sex-matched controls without oral mucosal disease (p = 0.018 and p = 0.002, respectively). The strongest item-total correlations involved depressed mood, tension, insomnia, and somatic symptoms. Poor sleep quality was independently associated with psychological burden, and pain intensity independently predicted anxiety severity in NK-OLP patients.

CONCLUSIONS

HAM-A and HAM-D showed satisfactory psychometric performance in OLP and may support psychological assessment. Somatic and sleep-related symptoms were closely associated with psychological distress.

MeSH

Depression, Lichen Planus, Oral, Mouth Diseases, Sleep, Pathology, Phenotype, Signs And Symptoms, Pathology, Oral, Lichens, Psychometrics, Lichen Planus