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Publications

Journal Article Epublish

PubMed: 42824504 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-026-02035-x

Associations Between Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Chronotype in Overweight and Obese Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

J Diabetes Metab Disord 25(2):277

Authors: Niloufar Rasaei, Negin Badrooj, Mahsa Samadi, Seyedeh Fatemeh Fatemi, Atefeh Tavakoli, Cain C T Clark, Khadijeh Mirzaei

Affiliations

  • Micronutrient Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Disorders, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
  • Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
  • Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
  • Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB UK.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Previous studies have indicated that obesity is associated with dietary glycemic index and load, and chronotype. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the glycemic index and load was related to chronotype in overweight/obese women.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted using 287 overweight and obese women, aged 18-50y. Dietary exposure was evaluated by a 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). To determine the chronotype status, the 19 items Horne and Ostberg morning/ evening questionnaire (MEQ) was used. Biochemical parameters, hyperlipidemia factors, and anthropometric components were measured.

RESULT

A significant relationship was found between GL with circadian rhythm, where, as glycemic load increases, the eveningness percentage increases (P = 0.029). We did not find any significant relationship between GI with chronotype (P = 0.57). The multinomial logistic regression model revealed that individuals with higher GL (71.78) had 61% greater chance for being in the eveningness vs. morningness category, and this relationship remained significant after adjusting for age and BMI (OR = 1.62, p = 0.043).

CONCLUSION

In the current study, we found a direct significant association between increased GL and evening type among overweight and obese Iranian women. Future studies are required to evaluate long-term high GL and GI effects on chronotype.

MeSH

Cross-Sectional Studies, Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, Overweight