Journal Article Multicenter Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Ppublish 11 citations
PubMed: 31097065 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0283
Temporal trends in the prevalence of infection in South African adolescents.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 23(5):571-578
Authors: E W Bunyasi, H Geldenhuys, H Mulenga, J Shenje, A K K Luabeya, M Tameris, E Nemes, H Mahomed, V Rozot, R Wood, T Scriba, J R Andrews, M Hatherill
Affiliations
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease & Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town.
- Department of Health, Western Cape and Division of Community Health, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
- The Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease & Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Abstract
SETTING South Africa. OBJECTIVE 1) To measure changes in the adolescent prevalence of latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) between 2005 and 2015, and 2) to evaluate medium-term impact of TB control measures on LTBI prevalence. DESIGN We compared baseline data from a cohort study (2005-2007) and a vaccine trial (2014-2015) which enrolled adolescents from the same eight South African high schools. LTBI was defined based on QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test positivity. RESULTS We analysed data from 4880 adolescents between 2005 and 2007, and 1968 adolescents between 2014 and 2015, when the average LTBI prevalence was respectively 43.8% (95%CI 28.4-59.1) vs. 48.5% (95%CI 41.1-55.8). Age-specific LTBI prevalence increased between the ages 12 and 18 years by 13% only in lower socio-economic quintile schools, where the average LTBI prevalence was unchanged between the two periods (54% vs. 53%). In the highest socio-economic quintile schools, LTBI prevalence did not increase with age; however, the average LTBI prevalence increased from 20% to 38% between the two periods. CONCLUSION Adolescent LTBI prevalence remained high and constant over a decade, suggesting that transmission to children was not impacted in the medium term by effective TB control efforts. Trends in adolescent LTBI prevalence should be interpreted in the context of the sociodemographic factors that affect the risk of transmission before and during adolescence. .
MeSH
Adolescent, Infections, Tuberculosis, Schools, Lung Diseases, Prevalence, Id
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