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Publications

Journal Article Epublish 18 citations

PubMed: 35720107 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.883927

Immune-Inflammatory Biomarkers Predict Cognition and Social Functioning in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and Schizophrenia: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study.

Front Neurol 13:883927

Authors: Marta Garés-Caballer, Joan Vicent Sánchez-Ortí, Patricia Correa-Ghisays, Vicent Balanzá-Martínez, Gabriel Selva-Vera, Joan Vila-Francés, Rafael Magdalena-Benedito, Constanza San-Martin, Victor M Victor, Irene Escribano-Lopez, Antonio Hernandez-Mijares, Juliana Vivas-Lalinde, Eduard Vieta, Juan C Leza, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos

Affiliations

  • Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
  • INCLIVA-Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.
  • TMAP-Evaluation Unit of Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
  • Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
  • Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
  • Mental Health Unit of Catarroja, Valencia, Spain.
  • IDAL-Intelligent Data Analysis Laboratory, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
  • Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
  • Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain.
  • Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.
  • Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
  • Departament of Psychiatry, Mental Health Service of Manises, Valencia, Spain.
  • Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Barcelona Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Catalonia, Spain.
  • Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Abstract

Background

Systemic, low-grade immune-inflammatory activity, together with social and neurocognitive performance deficits are a transdiagnostic trait of people suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and severe mental illnesses (SMIs), such as schizophrenia (SZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BD). We aimed to determine if immune-inflammatory mediators were significantly altered in people with SMIs or T2DM compared with healthy controls (HC) and whether these biomarkers could help predict their cognition and social functioning 1 year after assessment.

Methods

We performed a prospective, 1-year follow-up cohort study with 165 participants at baseline (TB), including 30 with SZ, 42 with BD, 35 with MDD, 30 with T2DM, and 28 HC; and 125 at 1-year follow-up (TY), and determined executive domain (ED), global social functioning score (GSFS), and peripheral blood immune-inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers.

Results

Participants with SMIs and T2DM showed increased peripheral levels of inflammatory markers, such as interleukin-10 ( < 0.01; η = 0.07) and tumor necrosis factor-α ( < 0.05; η = 0.08); and oxidative stress biomarkers, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) ( < 0.05; η = 0.07) and mitochondrial ROS ( < 0.01; η = 0.08). The different combinations of the exposed biomarkers anticipated 46-57.3% of the total ED and 23.8-35.7% of GSFS for the participants with SMIs.

Limitations

Participants' treatment, as usual, was continued without no specific interventions; thus, it was difficult to anticipate substantial changes related to the psychopharmacological pattern.

Conclusion

People with SMIs show significantly increased levels of peripheral immune-inflammatory biomarkers, which may contribute to the neurocognitive and social deficits observed in SMIs, T2DM, and other diseases with systemic immune-inflammatory activation of chronic development. These parameters could help identify the subset of patients who could benefit from immune-inflammatory modulator strategies to ameliorate their functional outcomes.

MeSH

Follow-Up Studies, Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, Biomarkers, Oxidative Stress, Stress, Physiological, Executive Function, Interleukin-10, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Cognition, Depressive Disorder, Major

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