Abstract

Over the last 24 months, there has been growing evidence of a correlation between mRNA COVID-19 vaccine boosters and increased prevalence of COVID-19 infection and other pathologies. Recent works have added possible causation to correlation. mRNA vaccine boosters may impair immune system response in immune compromised individuals. Multiple doses of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines may result in much higher levels of IgG 4 antibodies, or also impaired activation of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. The opportunity for mRNA vaccine boosters to impair the immune system response needs careful consideration, as this impacts the cost-to-benefit ratio of the boosters' practice.

MeSH

Immune System, Infections, Clinical Medicine, Rna, Messenger, Covid-19 Vaccines

Cited by

• Jembrana disease in Indonesia: An updated review. Open Vet J, 2025
• Clinical development of SpikoGen®, an Advax-CpG55.2 adjuvanted recombinant spike protein vaccine. Hum Vaccin Immunother, 2024
• Cytogenetic Alterations Observed in Exfoliative Cells of the Tongue and Oral Mucosa of SARS-CoV-2-Vaccinated Patients: Report of Two Cases and a Brief Literature Review. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop, 2025
• Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 T cell responses as a function of multiple COVID-19 boosters. bioRxiv, 2025
• Current German Recommendations and International Research on the Use of COVID-19 Boosters among Health Care Providers in 2024: A Narrative Review. Medicina (Kaunas), 2024
• A comprehensive review of paratuberculosis in animals and its implications for public health. Open Vet J, 2024
• Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in Lyme Disease and Co-Infections: Unraveling Neuropsychiatric and Neurological Complexities-A Comprehensive Case Series Analysis. Integr Med (Encinitas), 2025
• The Role of Memory T-Cell Mediated Immunity in Long-term COVID-19: Effects of Vaccination Status. Iran J Med Sci, 2025